coca / cocaine: 188, 316, 374–5
Coca Cola: 375
Cocha Cashu Biological Station, Peru: 105, 135–6, 160
cock-of-the-rock: 166, 168–9, 189, 285–6, 288; Andean
(Rupicola peruvianus), 239–40; Guianan (Rupicola rupicola),
164–5, 239, 286
cockroach: 91, 150, 358–9; Giant (Blaberus giganteus), 359;
Megaloblatta blaberoides, 358
Cockscomb, Belize: 342
coevolution: 155–79, 181–203
coffee (Coffea spp.): 188, 239, 371–2
Coley, P.: 188, 192
Colinvaux, P. A.: 130
collpa: 90–1, 283
Colombia: 18, 25, 135, 141, 205, 236, 244, 246, 250, 252, 256,
371, 375; bird species richness in, 136, 138. See also llanos
commensalism: 155, 359
competition: 42, 53, 96, 106, 108–9, 116, 125, 133, 141, 146–50,
153, 155, 157–8, 160, 163–5, 168, 189, 252, 279, 281, 289,
300, 306; interspecific, 96, 125, 141, 146–9, 153, 160, 281.
See also interspecific competition hypothesis
competitive exclusion: 146
Condor: Andean (Vu ltur g r y phu s), 248–9, 310; California
(Gymnogyps californianus), 310
conebill: 279, 281; Giant Conebill (Oreomanes fraseri), 245,
- See also tanager
Connell, J. H.: 153
Convention for International Trade in Endangered Species
(CITES): 215–7, 320, 329, 335, 339
convergence: 200, 300
cooperative behavior: 158, 288, 293
Coquette, Rufous-crested (Lophornis delattrei): 277–8. See also
hummingbird
coral reef: 153, 229–30, 232
cordillera: 244–5
Cormorant, Neotropic (Phalacrocorax brasilianus): 222
corn: 73, 102, 111, 210, 369
coronet: 276. See also hummingbird
Costa Rica: 12, 18, 39, 55, 85, 90, 111, 118–9, 134, 136, 148–9,
152, 158, 163, 172, 175, 191, 195, 198, 205, 236–7, 242, 247,
356; bats in, 122. See also La Selva Biological Station
cotinga: 285–6; Lovely (Cotinga amabilis), 144, 285; Spangled
(Cotinga cayana), 24. See also bellbird; cock-of-the-rock;
fruitcrow; fruiteater; piha; umbrellabird
Cowbird, Giant (Molothrus oryzivorus): 306
Coyote (Canis latrans): 344
crab: 55
Cracraft, J.: 115–6
Cretaceous: 141, 177, 219, 345
crocodile (crocodilian): 150; 216–9; American (Crocodylus
acutus), 17, 218; Cuban (Crocodylus rhombifer), 218;
Morelet’s (Crocodylus moreletii), 218; Orinoco (Crocodylus
intermedius), 218. See also alligator; caiman
crop: 36, 55, 87, 111, 169, 190, 210, 254–5, 365–6, 369–71, 378,
385
Croton: 194
cryptic coloration (crypsis): 180–5, 296
ctenosaur (Ctenosaura spp.): 352–4. See also iguana
Cuba: 115, 252, 318
cuckoo: 178, 225, 222, 293–4, Guira (Guira guira), 293–4;
Rufous-vented Ground- (Neomorphus geoffroyi), 294;
Squirrel (Piaya cayana), 294, 296. See also ani
Cueva del Guácharo, Venezuela: 162
Cuipo (Cavanillesia platanifolia): 34
curare (Curarea spp. [Chondrodendron spp.]): 188, 365, 374
curassow: 48, 130, 144, 156, 163, 166, 264–5; Bare-faced (Crax
fasciolata), 265; Great (Crax rubra), 166; Helmeted (Pauxi
pauxi), 264. See also chachalaca; guan
Curatella americana: 251
cyanohydrins: 197
Cypress, Bald (Taxodium distichum): 18
Cypress, Montezuma: 42D
dacnis: 279, 281. See also tanager
damselfly, helicopter (family Pseudostigmatidae): 182
Darién, Panama: 25, 102
Darwin, C.: 12, 21, 39, 56, 115–7, 120, 132, 134, 138, 163, 164,
171, 244, 261, 287, 360
decomposer food web: 75, 80–1
decomposition: 41, 43, 76, 79, 81–2, 84–5, 87–9, 93, 131, 191,
236, 253, 348, 383
deer: 132, 157, 177, 333; Gray Brocket (Mazama gouazoubira),
334; Marsh (Blastocerus dichotomus), 259, 334; Pampas
(Ozotoceros bezoarticus), 261; Red Brocket (Mazama
americana), 259, 334; White-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus),
254, 333
defense compounds (allelochemicals): 89, 177, 188–9, 191–2,
194–8, 202, 328, 336, 372–3; benzaldehyde, 190; hydrogen
cyanide, 190. See also alkaloid; amino acid; calcium oxalate;
glycoside; mimicry; phenolic; tannins; terpenoids
deforestation: 27, 32, 74, 102, 318, 377–9, 381, 383–7; carbon
loss from, 77
DeVries, P. J.: 136, 194–5
Dial, R.: 150
Dick, C.: 140
Dieffenbachia spp.: 39
Dipper: White-capped (Cinclus leucocephalus), 248
Dirzo, R,: 380
disease: 123, 202, 359, 365, 368, 375, 389
disturbance: 21, 37, 40–1, 94–112, 153, 230
diversity gradient: 13, 138, 140, 150; latitudinal (LDG), 138
DNA: 81, 116, 120, 139, 263–4, 273, 275, 301, 306–7;
mitochondrial, 120; nuclear, 120
Dobzhansky, T.: 138–41
dog: 132, 335, 344, 390; Bush (Speothos venaticus), 344; Short-
eared (Atelocynus microtis), 344
Dogwood, Flowering: 40
Dolphin: Pink River or Boto (Inia geoffrensis), 213–4; Gray or
Tucuxi (Sotalia fluviatilis), 214
domatia: 192–3420 index index