hallucinogens: 50, 191, 365, 372–5
Hammel, B.: 135
hammock (tree grove): 256–7
Hare, Patagonian: 261
Hart, Robert: 111
Hartshorn, G.: 101, 135
Hatchetfish, Silver (Gasteropelecus levis): 228
hawk-eagle. See eagle
hawk: 310–2, 221, 312; Black-collared (Busarellus nigricollis),
221, 224; Broad-winged (Buteo platypterus), 308;
Common Black (Buteogallus anthracinus), 310; Great
Black (Buteogallus urubitinga), 308, 311; Gray-lined
(Buteo nitidus), 220; Roadside (Buteo magnirostris),
310–11; Savanna (Buteogallus meridionalis), 310–11;
Swainson’s (Buteo swainsoni), 308, 315; White (Pseudastur
[Leucopternis] albicollis), 310–11
Hawkins, B.: 140
Headstander, Pearl (Chilodus punctatus): 228
Healing Forest, The (Schultes and Raffauf ): 374
Heithaus, E. R.: 149
heliconia (Heliconia spp.): 46–7, 57, 67, 96, 107, 111, 172,
196; Heliconia psittacorum, 172; Lobster Claw (Heliconia
rostrata), 47
Heliconius Genome Consortium: 202
Heliconius. See butterfly
helmetcrest (Oxypogon spp.): 241. See also hummingbird
Helson, J.: 202
hemiepiphyte: 51–2
herbivore / herbivory: 74, 80, 83, 89, 93, 106, 111, 132, 149,
177, 181, 187–97, 203, 253, 369
hermit: 47, 67, 107, 165, 172–3, 278–9; Long-billed
(Phaethornis longirostris), 66–7, 278; Long-tailed
(Phaethornis superciliosus), 278–9. Pale-bellied (Phaethornis
anthophilus), 47; Saw-billed (Ramphodon naevius), 173. See
also hummingbird
heron (Ardeidae): 210, 223, 257, 260; Agami (Agamia agami),
224–5; Boat-billed (Cochlearius cochlearius), 224, 263; Cocoi
(Ardea cocoi), 223; Capped (Pilherodius pileatus), 223; Great
Blue (Ardea herodias), 223; Rufescent Tiger- (Tigrisoma
lineatum), 93, 223; Whistling (Syrigma sibilatrix), 223;
Zigzag (Zebrilus undulatus), 223–4. See also egret
Herrera, R.: 84
Herz, H.: 177
hickory: 32, 85
hillstar: 241, 276; Ecuadorian (Oreotrochilus chimborazo), 241.
See also hummingbird
Hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoatzin): 212, 224–6, 263
Hoffmann, A.: 373, 375
Holdridge, L. R.: 29–30, 33
Holloway, M.: 77
Honduras: 18, 25, 118, 250, 252–3, 355, 358
honeycreeper: 69, 279, 281, 316; Green (Chlorophanes spiza),
281, Purple (Cyanerpes caeruleus), 281. See also tanager
Hopper, Waxtail (Pterodictya reticularis), 189
hornbill: 16, 113; Rhinoceros (Buceros rhinoceros), 113hornero: 298; Rufous (Furnarius rufus), 114, 298
hotshot model: 168
hotspot model: 168
Howe, H.: 163
Hubbell, S. P.: 100, 106, 134–5, 191
human settlement: 365–7
Humboldt, Alexander von: 19, 138, 235–6
humification: 92, 93
hummingbird: 12, 46–7, 54–5, 65–9, 107, 110, 144, 165, 168,
171–3, 236, 240–2, 247–8, 262, 276–9, 315; Bee (Mellisuga
helenae) 277; Berylline, 276; Emerald-chinned, 276;
Garnet-throated, 276; Giant (Patagonia gigas), 241, 277;
Magnificent, 276; Ruby-topaz, 276; Rufous-tailed (Amazilia
tzacatl), 172; Sparkling-tailed, 276; Sword-billed (Ensifera
ensifera), 241, 277–8. See also barbthroat; blossomcrown;
coquette; coronet; fairy; firecrown; helmetcrest; hermit;
hillstar; inca; jewelfront; mango; racket-tail; sabrewing;
sapphire; spatuletail; starthroat; sunbeam; sylph; topaz;
trainbearer; velvetbreast; woodnymph
humus: 82–4, 87, 253
hunting and gathering: 367–8
hunting: 27, 215–6, 219, 242, 266, 319–20, 323–6, 334–5, 339,
357, 365, 367–8, 377, 379–80
hurricane: 32, 37, 95, 98, 100, 153, 229–30, 232
hydroelectric dam: 27, 368, 377, 384
hyperdiversity: 138, 141I
ibis: 223, 257, 260; Buff-necked (Theristicus caudatus), 223;
Green (Mesembrinibis cayennensis), 223; Scarlet (Eudocimus
ruber), 117
ice age: 131
Icteridae: 303–6
igapo. See forest, gallery
iguana: 60, 64, 110, 144, 163, 352–5; black, 353; Black Spiny-
tailed or Black (Ctenosaura similis), 354; Forest (Polychrus
gutturosus), 355; Galápagos Marine (Amblyrhynchus
cristatus), 114; Green (Iguana iguana), 63–4, 352–3;
Helmeted (Corytophanes cristatus), 353–4
Inca, Collared (or Gould’s) (Coeligena torquata inca): 240. See
also hummingbird
insect, stick (or walkingstick) (family Phasmatidae): 182, 184
intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH): 153
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN): 215,
238, 320, 323, 325–6, 329, 333–5, 341
interspecific competition hypothesis: 146–50
Intertropical Convergence (ITC): 31–2, 36
intoxicants: 375
invertebrates: 358–64
Iquitos, Peru: 23, 30, 33, 205, 207–10, 365
Irion, G.: 87, 131
isolation: allopatric, 113, 115, 120; geographic (vicariance),
113, 115, 120, 128, 130–1, 245, 267; reproductive, 120
Ivy, Poison (Toxicodendron radicans): 51index index 423