134 MHR • Unit 2 Homeostasis
24.Examine the following graph of insulin and
glucose levels in the blood. Explain the
apparent connection between the fluctuations
in the levels of glucose and insulin.25.Examine the following graphs, which illustrate
fluctuations in glucose levels in the blood
of people with Type 1 diabetes and people
without diabetes. Explain why there seem
to be greater variations in blood sugar levels
among people with diabetes.0
50
6 A.M.
25
75
100
125
12
noon6 P.M. 12
midnightNo diabetes
breakfast71
97
80
72
91
82 83
113
85
lunchsupperBlood glucose (mg/100 mL)0
50
6 A.M.
25
75
100
125
12
noon6 P.M. 12
midnightBlood glucose or insulin(mg/100 mL)breakfast
lunchsupperglucoseinsulin5.Is temperature regulation an example of
dynamic equilibrium? Explain your answer.
6.Explain how the process of active transport
helps control the volume of urine produced
during the day.
7.How does ADH affect urine concentration?
8.Why are proteins and blood cells normally not
found in urine?
9.What parts of the nephron are most involved in
regulating the pH of blood?
10.Identify four differences between the blood
entering the kidney and the blood leaving the
kidney.
11.Identify four types of dissolved substances
found in the filtrate that forms in the Bowman’s
capsule of the kidney.
12.How does the kidney control water levels in
the body?
13.An older pet cat starts to drink large quantities
of water and urinates frequently. You think the
cat may be diabetic. How could you confirm
your suspicion?
14.Explain how islet cells in the pancreas respond
to an increase in blood sugar levels.15.Explain how the hormone glucagon counters
the action of insulin.
16.Identify the differences between how islet cells
in the pancreas regulate insulin and how the
hypothalamus in the brain regulates body
temperature.
17.Describe the role of T cells in the body’s
response to infectious agents.
18.The immune system helps resist pathogens.
Identify three ways that pathogens can enter
the system.
19.Identify the types of cells that are destroyed by
the phagocytotic activity of macrophages.
20.How do the following processes help maintain
body temperature: changes in blood flow,
shivering, and sweating?
21.You have just consumed a big bag of salty
snack food. Describe how your kidneys will
restore normal water balance and concentration
of salt in the blood and body fluids.
22.Explain how diuretic drugs decrease blood
pressure.
23.Asthma may be genetic or it may be an
autoimmune disorder. Select one option. What
evidence would you expect to find to support
your choice?INQUIRY