306 Index
National Traffi c Agency, 56
Networks
of cooperation, 237–238
governance of, 124
importance of, 57, 160–161, 227, 230
as political institutions, 57–58
theory, of, 12, 56–59
Neustadt, Richard, 48
New Public Administration, 20, 97–98, 130
New Public Management (NPM)
assessment of, 258–259
contracting out and, 120, 125
critique of, 114–115
as governance, 229–235, 267
infl uence of, 112–114, 126–127, 128, 142
organization theory and, 233
origins of, 126, 127, 142
Newman, Meredith, 154–156, 260
Nicholson-Crotty, Jill, 36
Niskanen, William, 35, 199, 201–203, 206,
220, 233, 263
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, 36
No-fault divorce laws, diff usion of, 89
Nonprofi t agencies, 122–123
Normative legitimacy, 241
Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board, 33
Obama, Barack, administration of, 253
Obstfeld, David, 83
Olsen, Johan P.
on garbage can theory, 87, 94, 188–189
institutional studies by, 67–68, 70–72,
76, 256
on key ideas of institutionalists, 70–72
logic of decision appropriateness and,
182
on loose coupling, 187–189
Operations research theory, 95–96, 98
Th e Organization Man (Whyte), 51
Organization/reorganization, 53–56, 58
Organization theory
bureaucratic behavior and, 51–53, 59
criticism of, 93–94
defi ned, 72, 98
development of, 67
institutional theory and, 73–74
James Q. Wilson on, 2
New Public Management and, 233
organizational paradigms, 138–140
fi g. 6.1
Organizational humanism, 129–130
Organizational identities, 183
Organizational Psychology (journal), 220
Organizational report cards, 36
Osborne, David, 51, 232, 233, 258
Ostrom, Elinor, 69, 78, 211–212, 220, 264
Ostrom, Vincent, 67, 69, 212–215, 219,
233
O’Toole, Laurence, 12, 56–58, 114, 115,
258Papers on the Science of Administration
(Gulick and Urwick), 143
Pareto optimal effi ciency, 86
Parliamentary structures, 79
Parsing the dichotomy, 20–21, 21 (fi g.)
Particularism, 142–143
PATnet (Public Administration Th eory
Network), 130, 135
Perrow, Charles, 81
Perry, James L., 204, 233
Peters, B. Guy, 230–235, 247, 266
Peterson, Paul, 89
Phenomenology, 132, 166
Pierre, John, 230–235, 247, 266
Pillars of institutions, 74
Policy-administration relationships
elected offi cial-administrator as co-
equals model, 19 (fi g. d), 20
mixture in administration model,
18–20, 19 (fi g. c)
mixture in policy model, 17, 18,
19 (fi g. b)
policy-administration dichotomy
model, 18, 19 (fi g. a)
Politics, defi ned, 41