- Williamson, Short History, 53 ; and Andrews, 87 – 100.
- See Hakluyt, 6 : 23 – 27 ; 6 : 31 – 34 ; and 6 : 295 – 348.
- See Hakluyt, 6 : 123 – 24.
- See also Hogan’s account of his negotiations with Abdelmelech (which I discuss
in Chapter 1 ): Hogan mentions being greeted initially by “all the Christians of the
Spaniards and Portugals,” whom he assumes received him “by the kings commandment”
( 6 : 287 ). - In addition to the examples below, see also Hakluyt 7 : 90 – 99 , where an exchange
with Negroes is defined by the English venturers’ negotiation of a Spanish and Portuguese
presence. - According to the Oxford English Dictionary, a sucket is a “fruit preserved in sugar.”
- Kupperman, Indians and English, 2 ; see also Settling with the Indians: The Meet-
ing of English and Indian Cultures in America, 1580–1640(Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Lit-
tlefield, 1980 ). - See, for example, the account of Hawkins’s second slaving venture (Hakluyt,
10 : 27 – 29 ). - Compare the description of Indians in, for example, the account of Hawkins’s sec-
ond slaving voyage ( 10 : 27 – 29 ), where there is less of a gap between the report of the ven-
ture and the “ethnographic” detailing. - The included accounts of Hawkins’s third voyage are “A discourse written by one
Miles Philips Englishman, one of the company put on shoare Northward of Panuco, in the
West Indies by M. John Hakwins 1568 ” ( 9 : 398 – 445 ); “The travailes of Job Hortop, which Sir
John Hawkins set on land within the Bay of Mexico... 1568 ” ( 9 : 445 – 65 ); and “The third
troublesome voyage made with the Jesus of Lubeck, the Minion, and foure other ships, to
the parts of Guinea, and the West Indies, in the yeeres 1567 and 1568 by M. John Hawkins”
( 10 : 64 – 74 ). See also “The voyage of M. Jon Winter, into the South sea by the Streight of
Magellan, in consort with M. Francis Drake, begun in the yeere 1577 ” ( 11 : 148 – 62 ). - Williamson,Sir John Hawkins, 143. In addition to the example below, see the ac-
count of Hawkins’s second slaving venture, 10 : 9 – 74. - Williamson, Sir John Hawkins, 142 – 44 , and Hair, 202 – 3.
- The manuscript (British Museum, Cotton MSS., Otho E. VIII, ff. 17 – 41 b) is
reprinted in Williamson, Sir John Hawkins, 491 – 534 ; the quoted passage appears on 509.
The bracketed replacements for missing words are Williamson’s, the roman type indicat-
ing what he offers as fairly certain and the italic, more conjectural. Williamson concludes
that the manuscript shows “the unspoiled negro of Tudor days wallowing in every horror
known to savage man” ( 157 ). - Williamson, Sir John Hawkins, 143 – 44 , 147 – 48.
- Hence the explanation, now suspect, that Africans had better immunity to these
diseases and so were the most viable labor source. See Curtin, “Epidemiology and the Slave
Trade,” Political Science Quarterly 83 ( 1968 ): 190 – 216 ; Curtin et al., African History, 182 – 83 ,
188 – 89 ; and Rawley, 12 , 14 – 15. - In addition to the example below, see the account of Robert Dudley’s voyage to
the West Indies in 1594 ( 10 : 204 – 12 ).
208 notes to pages 53–60