Dewan Perwakilan RakyatseeDPR.
Dewan Rakyat, 244 – 5
dictatorships, 37 , 43 , 108 , 240 , 387
proletarian, 106 , 108
totalitarian, 102
dignity, human, 7 , 15 , 85 – 8 , 237 , 346 , 369 , 404
direct elections, 83 , 131 , 174 , 189 – 90 , 324 – 5
direct initiative, 303 – 4
direct presidential elections, 28 , 78 , 142 , 146
direct rule, 110 , 375
directive principles (DPs), 346 , 365 , 371 , 379
discourse, public, 16 , 23 , 123 , 262
discretion, 69 , 71 , 77 , 117 , 140 , 253 – 4 , 256
abuse of, 69 – 70
legislative, 67 , 85
prosecutorial, 271
discretionary authority, 69
discrimination, 71 , 84 , 87 , 143 , 183 – 4 , 332 , 369
benign, 87
gender, 344 , 365
see alsonon-discrimination.
dismissals, 80 , 201 , 252 , 260
disputes, 2 , 28 , 62 , 145 , 148 – 9 , 163 , 165 – 7
constitutional, 145 , 275
disrepute, 246 , 250
dissatisfaction, 78 , 200 , 205 , 386
popular, 203 , 209
dissenting opinions/views, 83 , 89 , 157 , 178 , 265 , 300
dissolution, 253 – 4 , 328 , 384
of parliament, 29 , 285
district councillors, 189
diversity, 9 , 17 , 90 , 163 , 277 , 346 , 389
divided government, 21 , 78 , 142 – 8 , 150 , 162 , 165 – 8
doi moi, 22 , 37 , 196 – 8 , 200 , 208
domestic law, 157 – 8 , 183 , 287 – 8 , 394 – 5 , 406
domestic violence, 350 , 358
dominance, 98 , 245 , 349 , 371 , 373 , 388
DPD (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah), 326 , 338
DPJ (Democratic Party of Japan), 56 , 63 , 65
DPP (Democratic Progressive Party), 21 , 143 – 5 , 149
DPR (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat),^325 –^7 ,^338
DPsseedirective principles.
draft constitutions, 221 , 224 , 232 , 237 , 239 , 382 , 385
DSD (Defense Security Demand) 96
duties, 17 , 45 , 64 , 89 , 94 , 120 , 171 – 3
constitutional, 148 , 316
fundamental, 215 , 355 , 365
judicial, 249 – 50
dwifungsi, 27 , 242
East Asia, 3 , 16 – 17 , 19 – 20 , 32 , 42 , 45
Eastern Europe, 14 , 45 , 48
ECFA (Economic Co-operation Framework
Agreement), 136 , 152 – 6 , 165
ECHR (European Convention on Human
Rights), 157 , 288 – 9 , 408
economic co-operation, 117 , 135 – 6
Economic Co-operation Framework Agreement
seeECFA.
economic crisis, 79 , 322
economic development, 9 , 11 , 25 – 6 , 192 , 273 ,
359
rapid, 19 – 20 , 128 – 30 , 193
economic emergency, 299
economic reforms, 22 , 38 , 115 , 137 , 192 , 202 , 343
economic rights, 45 – 9 , 184 – 8 , 237
economic systems, 170 , 192 , 196 , 203
economy, 38 , 55 , 114 – 16 , 119 – 21 , 196 – 7 , 203 , 215
marketseemarket economy.
national, 79 , 109 , 203 , 312
education, 72 – 4 , 93 , 123 , 183 – 4 , 203 , 350 , 355
civic, 382 , 385
compulsory, 93 , 355 – 7
elementary, 357
educational institutions, 353 – 4 , 363
effectiveness, 6 , 29 , 79 , 126 , 163 , 247 , 292
efficacy, 39 , 352 , 365
Egypt, 8 , 338 , 409
elected presidents, 26 , 146 , 271 , 279 , 325
elected representatives, 177 , 335 , 348
election commissions, 79 , 82 – 3 , 237 , 240 , 308 , 328 ,
348 – 9
elections, 20 – 30 , 188 – 92 , 220 – 2 , 226 – 8 , 234 – 6 ,
238 – 44 , 335 – 7
democratic, 20 , 83 , 335
direct, 83 , 131 , 174 , 189 – 90 , 324 – 5
presidential, 28 , 78 , 142 , 146
fair, 224 , 231 , 255 , 322 – 4 , 335 , 348 , 394
fraud, 168 , 241
free, 28 , 192 , 335
functional constituency, 131 – 2 , 188 – 90
general, 24 – 5 , 231 – 2 , 234 – 6 , 244 – 5 , 266 – 70 , 336 ,
338
geographical, 175 , 189
laws, 82 – 3 , 88 , 328 , 380
local, 84 , 149
multiparty, 9 , 20 , 25 , 222 , 227 , 229
parliamentary, 5 , 25 , 91 , 142
periodic, 26 – 7 , 94 , 100 , 348
regular, 23 , 348
electoral colleges, 19 , 189 , 226
electoral reforms, 145 , 229 , 255 , 348
electoral systems, 335 , 380 , 399 , 405
elementary education, 357
elites, 33 , 372 , 384 , 388 – 9 , 402
business, 98
party, 102
political, 29 – 31 , 329