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Table 2.2

Research ef

fi

ciency evaluation on Chinese universities

Authors

Sample

Method

Inputs

Outputs

Findings

Lu andLiu(^2006

)

54 universitiesunder MOEadministration, 2000

–^2002

DEA

Research fellow; Researchassistant; Government researchfunds; Other research funds

R&D projects; R&D applicationsand S&T service projects;Monographs; Articles publishedin international journal; Articlespublished in domestic journals;Awards;Accredited researchachievements;Licensed patents; Incomes oftechnology transfer

46.3% of universities needed toimprove their research ef

ficiency.

The overall ef

fi

ciency and pure

technical ef

fi

ciency decreased

from eastern, central to western.Enlarging research scale was themajor channel to improveef

fi

ciency

Tian andMiao(^2006

)

510 universities, 2001

–^2003

DEA

R&D staff; R&D expenditure(current year)

Monographs; Journal articles(international); Journal articles(national); Accredited researchachievements;Incomes of technology transfer;Patents incomes

Average score of technicalef

fi

ciencies decreased from

eastern, central, to western. Theaverage ef

fi

ciency of key

universities

’

was higher than

national average by 10%

Xu (

2009

) Universities in

31 provinces, 2006

DEA

Teaching and research staff;R&D staff;S&T expenditures (current year);S&T expenditures (current year);Expenditures in research projects(current year)

Monographs; Journal Articles;Incomes of technology transfer(current year); National levelAwards

12 out of 31 provinces wereoverall ef

fi

cient, most of which

were located in less developedcentral and western China.Economic conditions playedcertain but not key role inuniversity research ef

fi

ciency(continued)

2.5 Comments on Empirical Literature and Quantitative Approach 23