Role of Pesticides in Produce Production, Preservation, Quality, and Safety 365
This group of herbicides with predominant uptake by roots can also be effective in
postemergence weed control. The primary action of triazines, triazinones, uracils,
and ureas is inhibition of the Hill reaction (the light reaction II consisting of water
photolysis) of photosynthetic electron transport, thus depriving the weed of its energy
TABLE 11.10
Herbicides Used in Weed Control in Produce Production in the U.S. (continued)
Commodity Weed Preemergence Herbicides Weed Postemergence Herbicides
Peaches Diuron, napropamide, norflurazon,
oryzalin, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin,
simazine, terbacil
2,4-D, glyphosate, paraquat
Pears Diuron, norflurazon, oxyfluorfen,
simazine
2,4-D, glyphosate, paraquat, sulfosate
Strawberries Napropamide, simazine, sulfentrazone,
terbacil
Clethodim, glyphosate, paraquat,
sethoxydim
Vegetables:
Broccoli Bensulide, DCPA, napropamide,
oxyfluorfen, trifluralin
Sethoxydim
Carrots Linuron, trifluralin Fluazifop-P-butyl
Cucumbers Bensulide, clomazone, ethalfluralin,
S-metolachlor, naptalam, pendimethalin
Glyphosate, naptalam, paraquat,
sethoxydim
Lettuce Benefin, bensulide, pronamide Glyphosate, paraquat, sethoxydim
Onions Bensulide, DCPA, dimethenamid,
S-metolachlor, oxyfluorfen,
pendimethalin, trifluralin
Bromoxynil, clethodim, fluazifop-P-butyl,
glyphosate, paraquat, sethoxydim
Peas Clomazone, imazethapyr, S-metolachlor,
pendimethalin, tri-allate, trifluralin
Bentazon, MPCA, MPCB, paraquat,
quizalofop-P-ethyl, sethoxydim
Peppers Clomazone, S-metolachlor, napropamide,
oxyfluorfen, trifluralin
Glyphosate, paraquat
Potatoes EPTC, linuron, S-metolachlor, metribuzin,
pendimethalin
Clethodim, EPTC, glyphosate,
metribuzin, rimsulfuron, sethoxydim
(+ diquat, endothal, paraquat or sulfuric acid as desiccants)
Sweet corn Acetochlor, alachlor, atrazine, butylate,
cyanazine, dimethenamid,
dimethenamid-P, S-metolachlor,
pendimethalin, simazine
Bentazon, 2,4-D, glyphosate
Tomatoes S-metolachlor, metribuzin, napropamide,
oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin, trifluralin
Glyphosate, metribuzin, paraquat,
sethoxydim
Note:The most widely applied herbicides in 2001 on fruits and in 2002 on vegetables are highlighted
in bold.
Sources:U.S. Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistic Service, Agricultural Chemical
Usage Reports: 2001 Fruit Summary (August 2002) and 2002 Vegetables Summary (July 2003), available
at http://www.usda.gov/nass/pubs/pubs.htm and National Scientific Foundation Center for Integrated Pest
Management and USDA Crop Profiles Web site, available at http://pestdata.ncsu.edu/cropprofiles/.