Science - USA (2020-01-03)
toward higher-efficiency grating couplers with greater resiliency to high-field hotspots provides an achievable path to this est ...
NEUROSCIENCE Dendritic action potentials and computation in human layer 2/3 cortical neurons Albert Gidon^1 , Timothy Adam Zolni ...
Without exception, each coupled dCaAP trig- gered a single somatic AP, which implies that, unlike calcium APs in the dendrites o ...
soma of the same cells, AP output increased with the input’s strength (Fig. 2C). These results are explained by the unusual acti ...
5 pyramidal neurons ( 15 , 19 – 22 )—that were previously shown to increase with the stimulus strength, the activation function ...
with sodium and NMDA spikes, respectively ( 20 , 25 , 34 , 35 ). Our findings provide insights into the physiological building b ...
ARCHAEOLOGY Cooked starchy rhizomes in Africa 170 thousand years ago Lyn Wadley^1 *, Lucinda Backwell1,2, Francesco d’Errico3,4, ...
( 23 ), but circumstantial evidence for cooking is compelling. The spatial context of the rhi- zomes in ash rather than adjacent ...
grows gregariously in many habitats, implies that it could have provided a reliable, familiar staple food source for early human ...
REFERENCES AND NOTES G. B. Silberbauer,Hunter and Habitat in the Central Kalahari Desert(Cambridge Univ. Press, 1981). P. J. Bu ...
PLANT SCIENCE Evolution of carnivorous traps from planar leaves through simple shifts in gene expression Christopher D. Whitewoo ...
primordia as mechanically connected visco- elastic volumes of material, with growth ori- ented by a polarity field ( 14 ). We be ...
of radialized mutants (Fig. 4, A to C, and movie S1). To model formation of a planar leaf, we invoked a second polarity field, o ...
with the adaxial domain on the inner surface (Fig. 4, K and L, and movie S4). This result suggests that those primordia showing ...
To determine whether our model would give similar division patterns, we modeled transverse sections of the primordium con- taini ...
S. Foxet al.,PLOS Biol. 16 , e2005952 (2018). K. J. I. Leeet al.,PLOS Biol. 17 , e3000427 (2019). R. S. Poethig, I. M. Sussex,P ...
EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY Protein-coding changes preceded cis-regulatory gains in a newly evolved transcription circuit Candace S. Br ...
regulated by a different mechanism—positive control by the HMG-domain protein Mata2 ( 10 , 11 ). The switch between the two mech ...
theS. cerevisiaea-specific genes—are charac- teristic of theW. anomalusclade rather than of a single species (fig. S1D). The obs ...
also required. This three-part recognition of the haploid-specific genes in theW. anomalus clade was not anticipated from studie ...
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