Russian Hajj. Empire and the Pilgrimage to Mecca - Eileen Kane

46 Chapter One of the nineteenth century, Russia assumed control over a region closely tied to Mecca by way of Syria. In this sa ...

4747 2 Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims During the second half of the nineteenth century the hajj became a mass phe- nomeno ...

48 C h a p t e r Tw o responsible for the Muslim holy cities and the annual pilgrimage, the sharif every year sent a fleet of pr ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 49 As this chapter will show, Russia’s creation of an external consular network for its ha ...

50 C h a p t e r Tw o This multisite hajj itinerary is represented in art made by Muslim Tatars in late imperial Russia. Native ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 51 nineteenth-century Russia, it suggests the proximity of these places in the minds of Ru ...

52 C h a p t e r Tw o Ismail’s account is not typical. Many Muslims from Russian-ruled lands were surely able to make the round- ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 53 as well as Jerusalem (the third most holy site in Islam), Damascus, and finally Constan ...

54 C h a p t e r Tw o Arabia. Previously, getting to Mecca from Russian lands typically took many months and, in some cases, yea ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 55 creation of centralized, sustained rule over colonial populations.^23 Ru ssia’s efforts ...

56 C h a p t e r Tw o in large cities worldwide.^27 This event terrified the European powers, and stoked fears of the hajj as a ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 57 to cover any debts they might have left behind. This measure was intended to discourage ...

58 C h a p t e r Tw o What changed in the late nineteenth century was scale. Suddenly hajj traffic surged through Constantinople ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 59 pockets, and had local contacts to guide and lodge them in the city. This shielded them ...

60 C h a p t e r Tw o In 1897, on the sixtieth anniversary of Queen Victoria’s accession to the throne, British Indian Muslims i ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 61 that hajj pilgrims were an economic drain on Russia’s consulates (his archives were fil ...

62 C h a p t e r Tw o The catalyst for Ignatʹev’s proposal seems to have been no single event, but rather a series of events, an ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 63 Ottoman lands. Many of these requests came from Russian officials in the Cau- casus, on ...

64 C h a p t e r Tw o While grappling with these various problems, Ignatʹev also faced the acute crisis in 1871 of a massive cho ...

Mapping the Hajj, Integrating Muslims 65 restricting the hajj in the interest of integrating Muslims, and maintaining sta- bilit ...