INDEX 347
K
Kant, Immanuel 158, 161, 250
Kappa Andromedae b 293
Kapteyn, Jacobus 119, 164–5, 337
Keck Observatory (Hawaii) 292, 297, 302
Keenan, Philip 126
Kellman, Edith 126
Kelvin, Lord 166
Kennedy, John F. 204, 244
Kepler, Johannes 48, 49, 53 , 71, 96,
168–9
comets 75, 76–7
elliptical orbits 23, 34, 39, 42, 47,
52–5, 92
laws of planetary motion 44, 64,
68–9
telescope 61
Kepler 10b 294
Kepler 442-b 290
Kepler Telescope/Observatory 190, 195,
230, 292, 293
Kerr, Roy 255
Kirch, Gottfried 207
Kirchhoff, Gustav 110, 112 , 113, 114, 116,
124, 162
Kohlhase, Charles 263, 264, 266
Korolev, Sergei 208–9
Koshiba, Masatoshi 252, 253
Kowal, Charles 184
Kranz, Gene 244
Kublai Khan 28, 29
Kuiper, Gerard 184, 287 , 312
Kuiper belt 84, 184 , 206, 259, 286–7,
308, 311, 312, 313
Kuiper Belt Objects 286, 287, 314, 315
Kumar, Shiv S 258, 339L
Lacaille, Nicolas-Louis de 77, 79 , 87
Lagrange, Joseph-Louis 336
Laika 208, 209
Lalande, Joseph 77
Laniakea Supercluster 275
Laplace, Pierre-Simon 82, 83, 92–3, 106,
107, 154, 155, 250, 251
Large Hadron Collider (LHC) 151
Large Magellanic Cloud 27, 100–101,
133, 134, 181Hauser, Mike 282, 284
Hawking, Stephen 148, 154, 174, 254,
255 , 284
Hawking radiation 254, 255
Heath, Sir Thomas 21
heliocentric model 18, 19, 21, 32–9, 55,
62–3, 291
helioseismology 213
helium 110, 116, 124, 125, 126, 162–3,
166, 167, 182–3, 196, 197, 198, 226,
252, 272, 282
Helix planetary nebula 127
Helmholz, Herman von 166
Henderson, Thomas 102
Heraclides Ponticus 20, 26, 35
Herbig-Harp Objects 200
Herman, Robert 197, 224–5, 226
Herschel, Caroline 82, 85
Herschel, John 82, 83, 88, 100–101, 104,
105, 107
Herschel, William 82, 83, 84–5, 88–9,
96, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, 106, 114,
141, 158
Hertz, Heinrich 179
Hertzsprung, Ejnar 86, 111, 128 , 128,
135–6, 138, 139, 158
Hertzsprung–Russell diagram 124, 125,
128, 138, 139
Hess, Victor 111, 140
Hevelius, Elisabetha 335
Hevelius, Johannes 75, 79, 335
Hewish, Antony 179, 180, 236–9
Hidalgo 96
High-Z Supernova Search 174
Hipparchus 22 , 23, 24, 30, 47, 86
Hipparcos satellite 100
Holmdel Horn 225–6
Holmes, Arthur 186
Holwarda, Johannes 132
Homestake experiment 252–3
Hooke, Robert 69
horoscopes 13, 52
Horrocks, Jeremiah 42, 64
hot Jupiters 293
Houtermans, Fritz 182, 183, 198
Howard, Edward 90
Hoyle, Fred 52, 145, 168, 171, 196,
198–9, 226, 300
Hubble, Edwin 27, 86, 102, 120, 132,
136–7, 144, 158, 161, 164, 168, 170,
174 –7, 185, 193, 240, 274, 296, 300
Hubble Constant 174, 177
Hubble Space Project 174
Hubble Space Telescope (HST) 137, 177,
190, 193–5, 217, 219, 221, 258, 259,
277, 279, 300, 304, 314, 326, 327
Huchra, John 274 –5
Huggins, Margaret 110, 114, 115, 116
Huggins, William 87, 88, 104, 105, 110,
114 –15, 116, 158
Hulse, Russell 236
Humason, Milton 175
Huygens, Christiaan 14, 43, 58, 65, 335
hydrogen 113, 115, 116, 124, 125, 126,
127, 129, 144, 162–3, 166, 167,
182–3, 196, 197, 198, 201, 226,
252, 272, 282I
Iapetus 65
Ibn al-Haytham 19, 335
inflation 258, 272–3
Infrared Astronomical Satellite 250
infrared telescopes 304–5
inside-out model 277, 278
International Ultraviolet Explorer 190
interplanetary scintillation (IPS) 237
interplanetary space 43, 90, 267
interstellar communications 210 –11
Io 43, 62, 71, 265, 266
ionization 140, 162, 163
iron 199
Islamic scholars 19, 27, 30–31J
James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
190, 195, 276, 279, 290, 293, 296,
304–5, 326
Jansky, Karl 145, 179 , 190, 218, 219,
297, 304
Janssen, Jules 116 , 124
Janssen, Sacharias 59
Jeans, James 337
Jewitt, David 184, 206, 286–7
Jing Fang 23
Jodrell Bank (UK) 210, 211
John of Worcester 103
Jupiter
exploration of 262, 263, 264, 265–6, 316
gravity 93, 291, 313, 316
moons 34, 42, 59, 60–63, 65, 71, 148,
234
X-rays from 214, 216
Jutzi, Martin 186