The Source Book (1)

the patriarchal and patrilineal nature of the invading culture, in contrast with the apparently egalitarian and matrilineal cult ...

collapse of Old Europe.[2] Hereafter the Maykop culture suddenly arose, Tripillia towns grew strongly, and eastern steppe people ...

would allow.[4] According to Kortlandt, Indo-Uralic is the common ancestor of the Indo-European and Uralic language families.[48 ...

individuals from the Yamnaya culture.[5] The authors concluded that their "results provide support for the theory of a steppe or ...

Russian archaeologist Leo Klejn (2017) noted that in the Yamnaya population, R1b-L23 is predominant, whereas Corded Ware males b ...

In 2020, David Anthony offered a new hypothesis, with the aim of resolving the questions surrounding the apparent absence of hap ...

Europe, Dravidian toward Pakistan and India, and Afro-Asiatic toward Arabia and North Africa. According to Renfrew (2004), the s ...

Following the publication of several studies on ancient DNA in 2015, Colin Renfrew has accepted the reality of migrations of pop ...

gatherers.[24] According to Lazaridis et al. (2016), "farmers related to those from Iran spread northward into the Eurasian step ...

... while we see substantial genetic and archaeological evidence for an Indo-European migration originating in the southern Russ ...

gain support until Renfrew's Anatolian theory revived aspects of their proposal.[4] Gamkrelidze and Ivanov proposed that the Gre ...

A second possibility, that Indo-European languages came to Anatolia along with small scale population movements and commerce, is ...

into Anatolia after the Neolithic, separating the Proto-Anatolian language from the rest of the Indo-European languages. Subsequ ...

Eastern European hunter-gatherers, with some influences from the languages of Caucasus hunter-gatherers. Anthony rejects the pos ...

Anthony proposes that the Yamnaya derived mainly from Eastern European hunter-gatherers (EHG) from the steppes, and undiluted Ca ...

European origins. Its main proponents are Marcel Otte, Alexander Häusler,[2] and Mario Alinei. The PCT or PCP posits that the ad ...

Out of India theory Main articles: Indigenous Aryans and Indo-Aryan migrations The Indigenous Aryans theory, also known as the " ...

Historical Background Of Aryan Race & Relation Of The Clan with them Etymology One of the earliest epigraphically attested r ...

outsider, or an-ā́rya ('non-Arya').[20][4] By the time of the Buddha (5th– 4th century BCE), it took the meaning of 'noble'.[21] ...

European speakers had a term to refer to themselves as 'Proto-Indo- Europeans'.[28][29]  Early PIE: * h₂erós ,[30] o Anatolian: ...