Iraq after the Muslim Conquest - Michael G. Morony
ADMINISTRATIVE THEORY AND PRACTICE state property and the persons of rulers and governors seems to reflect Sasanian patterns, es ...
ADMINISTRATION governor, Sa'Id ibn al-'A~. There were Commanders of the shurta at both Basra and Kufa in the time of 'AlI.^255 U ...
ADMINISTRATIVE THEORY AND PRACTICE of the crowd over the head.^259 When 'Ubaydulliih ibn Ziyiid was governor in 680, the Kufan s ...
ADMIN I STRA TION bury a grave robber alive, cut off the hand of a man who killed with an iron weapon, burn an arsonist alive, a ...
ADMINISTRATIVE THEORY AND PRACTICE THE PROCESS OF ADMINISTRATIVE CONTINUITY At this point it is possible to make some suggestion ...
ADMINISTRATION traditions of justice, court procedure, control, and enforcement. The extent of this administrative legacy is fur ...
LAND TAX Chapter 2 TAXES Sasanian political theory recognized the dependence of a bureau- cratic administration on the taxable w ...
ADMINISTRATION established for seven kinds of produce: one dirham per jarib (Ar. 1592 square meters) of wheat; the same for barl ...
TAXES But this was in the beginning, before it was superseded by the im- position of kharaj on those liable to pay it."S 'Umar i ...
ADMINISTRATION It was 'Uthman ibn I;Iunayf who set the basic grain tax at one dirham and one qafiz of wheat per jar/b,14 This ra ...
TAXES local economic resources seems to date from the post-conquest settle- ment. However, agricultural tax rates remained somew ...
ADMINISTRATION remained in use until the fall of the Marwani dynasty and was also called the cadastral cubit (Ar. dhira' al-mi~a ...
TAXES crown land even after the sixth-century reforms and are also repre- sented by Islamic tithe land. The mi~aha and muqasama ...
ADMINISTRATION received them collected one-third and one-quarter of the produce from their village estates.^28 By the end of the ...
TAXES uniformity, and theoretical refinement extending from the beginning of the sixth to the end of the eighth centuries; they ...
ADMINISTRATION with 'Urwa ibn Zayd for his territory. After the Battle of Kaskar in 634, 'Abu 'Ubayd received four dirhams per h ...
TAXES settlement. Such conditions have been used to explain why the terms used by Muslims for land and poll taxes were interchan ...
ADMINISTRATION tax as exclusively imposed on the economically productive part of society whose religion happened to be different ...
TAXES and Talmudic scholars were allowed to declare themselves to be at- tendants of the fire in order to share that privilege.^ ...
ADMINISTRATION Taxes were usually assessed as a total sum for each town, village, or rural district and might be divided up by t ...
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