Afghanistan. A History from 1260 to the Present - Jonathan L. Lee (2018)

afghanistan had they been introduced gradually and on a foundation of consensus. However, one reform that was never on ’Aman All ...

dreams melted into air, 1919–29 modernizers, who have returned again and again to his unfinished project, only to succumb to the ...

You cannot build a nation... any more than you can build a house by starting at the top. Amanullah tried to change the minds of ...

backs to the future, 1929–33 through the bazaar. Ahmad ‘Ali Lodi was eventually released but Loynab ‘Ali Ahmad Khan, ‘Abd al-Was ...

afghanistan opened the city gates to ‘Abd al-Rahim Safi, while the majority of Balkh’s Pushtun colonists failed to support Ghula ...

backs to the future, 1929–33 Throughout the spring of 1929 Nadir Khan struggled to raise more than a token force, for he had ver ...

afghanistan Nur al-Mashayekh’s fatwa was doubtless issued on the assumption that, since Gardez was in Nadir Khan’s hands, the fa ...

backs to the future, 1929–33 Thousands of Waziris answered the call and it was these tribesmen, tech- nically citizens of India, ...

afghanistan King Nadir Shah and the founding of the Musahiban Dynasty A few days later Nadir Khan arrived in Kabul, where cheeri ...

backs to the future, 1929–33 to pardon traitors or those who committed crimes against the state. The editorial also claimed the ...

afghanistan himself evaded capture and withdrew south into the hill country. News of the Soviet incursion into Qataghan caused p ...

backs to the future, 1929–33 centres with more than 10,000 residents elected their own ra’is, or mayor, and town councillors, bu ...

afghanistan Nadir Shah adopted a far more cautious approach to change and empha- sized the government’s Islamic and Pushtun cred ...

backs to the future, 1929–33 was actively discouraged. The government also arrested many leading reformers and supporters of the ...

afghanistan Islamic taboos meant medical students could not dissect cadavers. The establishment of the first women’s hospital po ...

backs to the future, 1929–33 unworkable duality that was perpetuated in all subsequent constitutions. Many of the provisions wer ...

afghanistan dividends on profits, rather than charging interest on loans, since usury is forbidden under Islamic law. The bank w ...

backs to the future, 1929–33 made sure that it was almost impossible for any private independent entre- preneur to trade and mer ...

afghanistan realized there was a European market for karakul and he made a fortune exporting these lambskins. After the Bank-i M ...

backs to the future, 1929–33 for his campaign against Habib Allah Kalakani. Once in power, Nadir Shah failed to expel Indian nat ...