Early Medieval Spain. Unity in Diversity, 400–1000 (2E)

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 237 have been the transfer of the capital from Oviedo, perhaps at first to Zamora, but within a decade to L ...

238 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN at least in military terms, of the Leonese kings. He conducted a series of highly successful raids on A ...

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 239 restored Sancho and ordered Urraca to abandon her husband, who went into fruitless exile in Cordoba. Sa ...

240 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN during the minority of Alfonso V, the chief prop of the regime of his mother Queen Elvira, the regent, ...

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 241 (970-994), who is known to have had a wife, Queen Urraca, and whose brother Ramiro (d. 991) bore the ti ...

242 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN donations of lesser benefactors.^27 Other houses, as far as their surviv- ing records go, only attracte ...

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 243 of Beja and Isidore. He had enjoyed royal patronage, notably from Queen Adosinda the daughter of Alfons ...

244 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN roots of whose status is impossible to trace, were the principal land- owners in the frontier regions, ...

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 245 are not coherently collected together in the acts of the council but make up the greatest part of the b ...

246 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN The Kingdom of Pamplona and the County of Aragon THE history of the smallest of the Christian states of ...

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 247 in 819, when King Pippin I of Aquitaine (817-38) had to cross the Pyrenees to re-impose Frankish rule.^ ...

248 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN association of the county with the kingdom of Pamplona. Thence- forth Arag6n, under the descendants of ...

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 249 Leyre is the only monastery whose foundation can be ascribed to the Arista dynasty with any degree of c ...

250 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN Pam pion a to Najera, and the kings thenceforth styled themselves by reference to both places. However, ...

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 251 Military expeditions under successive governors of Al-Andalus did expand Arab conquests along the Medit ...

252 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN al-Ru'ayni ('Zatun' to the Franks) had previously offered to accept Frankish suzerainty in 797 as part ...

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 253 The Count of Toulouse, overseeing the central Pyrenees, usually also held the title Marchio, while furt ...

254 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN Barcelona. He was defeated by royal forces the following year and after being captured in Barcelona was ...

THE CHRISTIAN REALMS 255 by the regnal years of the Frankish kings. Although in practice the ties between the county of Barcelon ...

256 EARLY MEDIEVAL SPAIN and the French crown, and can also give an anachronistic impression of the character of Catalonia in th ...