- On Bentham’s terminological contribution, see Mark W. Janis, “Jeremy Ben-
tham and the Fashioning of ‘International Law’,” 78 AJIL 405– 18 (1984). - Jeremy Bentham, “Objects of International Law,” in Work s , vol. 2, ed. John
Bowring (Edinburgh: William Tait, 1838), 538. - Jeremy Bentham, “A Plan for an Universal and Perpetual Peace,” part 4 of Prin-
ciples of International Law, in Work s , vol. 2, 546– 60. - Great Britain- U.S.A., Jay Treaty, Nov. 19, 1794, 52 CTS 243.
- Th e Flad Oyen, 1 C. Rob. 135 (1799), 139.
- Ibid., 139– 40.
- Ibid., 140.
Part III. A Positive Century (1815– 1914)
Epigraph: Th éophile Funck- Brentano and Albert Sorel, Précis du droit des gens, 2nd
ed. (Paris: E. Plon, Nourrit, 1887), 494.- See A. de La Pradelle, Maîtres et doctrine du droit des gens, 2nd ed. (Paris: Édi-
tions internationales, 1950), 183– 93. - Johann Ludwig Klüber, Droit des gens moderne de l’Eu rope (Stuttgart: Cotta,
1819). See also Johann Ludwig Klüber, Acten des Wiener Congresses in den Jahren 1814
und 1815, 9 vols. (Osnabrück: Zeller, 1815). - Ernest Nys, “Th e Codifi cation of International Law,” 5 AJIL 871– 900 (2006), 881.
- Louis Renault of France (1907) and T. M. C. Asser of the Netherlands (1911).
- Breaking with the Past
- Edmund Burke, Refl ections on the Revolution in France, ed. L. G. Mitchell (Ox-
ford: Oxford University Press, 1993 [1790]), 58. - Ibid., 37.
- August Comte, Cours de philosophie positive, 6 vols., 3rd ed. (Paris: J. B. Baillière
et fi ls, 1869). See also Auguste Comte and Positivism: Th e Essential Writings, ed. Ger-
trud Lenzer; trans. Harriet Martineau (New York: Harper and Row, 1975); and Mary
Pickering, Auguste Comte: An Intellectual Biography, 3 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2006– 09). - Comte, Cours, vol. 5, 5– 345.
- Ibid., 346– 543.
- A. C. Crombie, Augustine to Galileo: Science in the Later Middle Ages and Early
Modern Times, vol. 2 (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1959), 44– 45. - O n t h e s c i e nt i fi c character of positivism, see Antony Anghie, Imperialism, Sover-
eignty and the Making of International Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2007), 48– 52. - See S. Kuttner, “Sur les origines du terme ‘droit positif’,” 15 (4th ser.) RHDFE
728– 40 (1936).
516 Notes to Pages 211–223