276 • INDEx
Islam (continued)
and Salafis, 65; and Zionists, 8. See also
Muslim Arabs; Muslims
Islamic-Jewish polemic, 43, 70
Islamic law, 63–69
Israel, 16, 245–47; proclamation of inde-
pendence, 245n33; religious nationalist
settler movement in, 246; ultra- Orthodox
community of, 246
Israel, Leon (Lola), 182–83
Israeli-Palestinian conflict, 2, 3, 6, 31, 37,
245–46
Israelites, 143–44; Jews vs., 51; judges of,
201; and M. R. al-Khalidi, 51, 52, 56,
69, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81; kingdoms of, 51;
and link to Jerusalem, 168; Makaryus
on, 173; and Moyal, 77, 78, 79, 80–82,
200, 201, 204–10, 212, 215–19; na-
tional renaissance of, 78, 79; in Pales-
tine, 172; Petrie on, 169–70; as term
for ethical individuals, 205–6; as term
in Arabic journals, 137; and E. Zaydan,
132; and J. Zaydan, 142–43. See also
Jews; Judaism
Istanbul, 21, 112, 123; central authority
in, 17; Karaites in, 112; and M. R. al-
Khalidi, 1, 41, 44, 67, 71, 87; and mil-
let system, 19; Ottoman Parliament in,
1; shaykh al-islām in, 32, 44; Young
Turk Revolution in, 96
Italy, 29, 82, 86, 87, 158, 183
Jacobson, Abigail, 97n8, 120n101, 126–
27, 128, 130
Jaffa, 88, 131, 188; immigrants in, 33;
Jewish expulsions from, 131; and Malul,
233; and Moyal, 77, 186, 189, 194; re-
porting on, 99, 100, 102, 103, 108, 109;
Zionists’ Palestine Office in, 11
Jankowski, James, 220
Jephtah, 201
Jericho, 170–71
Jerusalem, 33, 49, 78, 112, 166–67, 170,
202; as administrative unit, 16–17; Bāb
as-Silsila neighborhood of, 41; and Bei-
rut and Cairo, 26–29; contexts of, 7,
15–38; and Damascus, 26; destruction
of by Titus, 225, 229; and Europe, 29–
31; and ha-Ḥerut, 97; and intercommu-
nal difference, 23–25; and Islamic
prayer, 236n2; Jewish connection to as
limited, 171–72; Jewish immigration to,
33; Jews’ historical link to, 50; and
M. R. al-Khalidi, 43; and Makaryus, 174;
and Mecca, 168; and Moyal, 217; and
mufti for Hanafi rite, 239; as mutasarrif-
lik, 17; and Nahḍa, 26; and Ottoman
Empire, 15–17, 18–19; and Palestine
and Holy Land, 15–18; sanjak of, 17
Jesus, 152; and Christian missionaries,
117; and economic antisemitism,
88n167; historic existence of as ques-
tioned, 115–16; and Israelite as term
for ethical individual, 206; Jewish ser-
mons in support of, 118; Jews as killers
of, 83–84; and Mendelssohn, 57; and
Moyal, 206–8; in Qurʾan, 73–74. See
also Christianity
Jeunes Turcs, 87n163
Jewish Colonization Association (JCA),
176n141, 231–32
Jewish Diaspora, 53, 155, 174, 175, 225,
226, 229, 230
Jewish Encyclopedia, 11, 185; article on
Mendelssohn, 59–60n74; “Ascama,” 67;
“Costume,” 83n152; “Islam,” 47,
62n89; and M. R. al-Khalidi, 46–47, 48,
50, 51; and Nassar, 90; “Zionism,” 11,
40–42, 43, 46–47, 48, 51–52, 53, 62,
71, 76, 77, 86n162, 90, 91, 106, 185,
186, 190, 231
Jewish history: books in Arabic about,
198; and M. R. al-Khalidi, 8, 40, 42, 43,
46, 48, 50, 51–54, 69, 70, 80–81, 92,
168; Makaryus on, 173–74; and N.
Malul, 225–26, 228; and Moyal, 199,
208–10, 217–21; in Palestine, 226; and
toleration vs. persecution of Jews, 159;
translated into Arabic, 69; and wealth,
155; and E. Zaydan, 132, 179
Jewish law, 201. See also haskamah/
haskamot