Medieval France. An Encyclopedia

Middle Ages, Liège’s tradition of fine metalworking led to its becoming an important center for the production of armor. Because ...

Annunciation, Les Belles Heures de Jean, Duc de Berry. The Cloisters Collection, 1954 (54.1.1, fol. 30) Courtesy of the Metropol ...

LIMOGES . Founded by the Gauls as an oppidum overlooking the Vienne River, Limoges (Haute- Vienne) became a crossroads of major ...

Limouzin-Lamothe, Roger. Le diocèse de Limoges des origines a la fin du moyen âge. Strasbourg: Le Roux, 1951. Verynaud, Georges. ...

Aubrun, Michel. L’ancien diocèse de Limoges des origines au milieu du XIe siècle. Clermont- Ferrand: Institut des Études du Mass ...

inheritance meant that in the high Middle Ages there was always ambiguity over the nature of property rights: on the one hand, a ...

Normandy. The remainder of the façade, including the lateral portals, dates from the 13th century; the south tower is a 17th-cen ...

pressed by the Cabochiens were registered and then revoked. Contemporaries applied it to the trial of the duke of Alençon at Ven ...

13th centuries that the ordines and the Sacramentary were fully merged into a single volume, the Pontifical. The history of the ...

Avranches (d. 1079), and Bernold of Constance (d. 1100); the date of the much copied Liber quare remains in doubt, but its earli ...

LITURGICAL DRAMA . From the beginning, the liturgy of the medieval church had many dramatic characteristics, but ceremonies that ...

LITURGICAL LANGUAGES . The most important liturgical language in medieval France was Latin. This was true in the Gallican liturg ...

may imply that ribald French motets were sometimes sung in liturgical contexts. The most important uses of French, particularly ...

this issue. The complex astronomical calculations involved constituted the medieval science of computus, on which many treatises ...

The original Roman tradition, best known from the sermons of Pope Leo the Great (r. 440–61), was more austere. The Sunday before ...

contributing to the choice of date, and by the late 4th century it was being adopted in the East as well. The corresponding east ...

themes, as this was regarded as the end of the liturgical year, with Advent marking the beginning of the next year. b. Ember day ...

Grégoire, Réginald. Manuale di agiologia: introduzione alla letteratura agiografica. Fabriano: Monastero Santo Silvestro Abate, ...

two years. This system was continued on a reduced scale under Charles VII, and although it was finally abandoned by Louis VI in ...

fortress was destroyed by Pepin the Short in 742 but was soon rebuilt. It came through marriage into the possession of Count Fou ...