Notes to Pages 87–90 Tzevi’s movement were Portuguese conversos. For more on this community, see
Ya’kov Barnai, “Ha-Kahalim be-Izmir ba-me’a ha-shva-esre,” Pe’amim 48 ( 1991 ):
66 – 84. For documents attesting to Jewish trading networks across the Ottoman
Empire, see Haim Gerber, Yehudei Ha-Imperiya Ha-’Otmanit ha-me’ot ha- 16 – 17 :
Kalkala ve hevra (Jerusalem: Zalman Shazar, 1982 ).
16. Minna Rozen, “Contest and Rivalry in Mediterranean Maritime Com-
merce in the First Half of the Eighteenth Century: The Jews of Salonika and the
European Presence,” Revue des études juives 147 ( 1988 ): 309 – 52.
17. Faroqhi, “Selānīk,” 125.
18. Faros tēs Makedonias, February 26 , 1886 , 1.
19. François Georgeon, “Selanik musulmane et deunmè,” in Salonique, 1850 –
1918 , ed. Veinstein, 106.
20. Dēmētriadēs, Topografia tēs Thessalonikēs, 203.
21. Arazi ve Emlaki Esasi Defteri, 7 : 108 , 110.
22. SVS, 1902 – 3 , 432.
23. Paul Rabinow, French Modern: Norms and Forms of the Social Environment
( 1989 ; repr., Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995 ), 12 – 13.
24. Aleka Karadimou-Yerolymbou, “Archaeology and Urban Planning Devel-
opment in Thessaloniki ( 19 th– 20 th c.),” in Thessaloniki: Queen of the Worthy. His-
tory and Culture, ed. Iōannēs K. Chasiōtēs (Thessaloníki: Paratiritis, 1997 ), 258.
25. Hanssen, Fin de siècle Beirut, 15.
26. Anastassiadou, Salonique, 6 , 85 , 89 – 90 , 150 , 154.
27. Faros tēs Makedonias, March 6 , 1891 , 1.
28. Mazower, Salonica, City of Ghosts, 160 , 163. Mazower says that the Jewish,
Greek, and Dönme bourgeoisie found a partner in the Muslim-led local govern-
ment, but it would be more correct to say in the Dönme-led local government.
Ibid., 224 , 231.
29. Anastassiadou, Salonique, 90.
30. Yerolympos and Colonas, “Un urbanisme cosmopolite,” 165 – 67 ; Anastas-
siadou, Salonique, 130 , 133 , 196 ; and N. C. Moutsopoulos, “Une ville entre deux
siècles,” in Salonique, 1850 – 1918 , ed. Veinstein, 35.
31. Karadimou-Yerolymbou, “Archaeology and Urban Planning Develop-
ment,” 259 ; Anastassiadou, Salonique, 156.
32. İbrahim Alâettin Gövsa, Sabatay Sevi: İzmirli meşhur sahte mesih hakkında
tarihî ve içtimaî tetkik tecrübesi (Istanbul: Lûtfi Kitabevi, 1939 ), 74 – 76.
33. SVS, 1893 – 94 , 152 – 59.
34. Giannēs Megas, ē epanastasē tōn Neotourkōn stē Thessalonikē (Thessaloníki:
University Studio Press, 2003 ), 63.
35. Fazlı Necip in Gonca-i Edeb, no. 8 (June 15 , 1883 ): 118.
36. Paul Dumont, “Naissance d’un socialisme ottoman,” in Salonique, 1850 –
1918 , ed. Veinstein, 195 – 207 ; Anastassiadou, Salonique, 4.