S-4 Subject Index
fragmentation corollary (Kelly), 579
frame of orientation (Fromm), 235–236, 236t
Francis Psychological Type Scale, 136–138
free association technique, 23, 53, 189–190
freedom
in existential psychology (May), 338–339
freedom of movement (FM, Rotter), 536,
538–539, 540
in humanistic psychoanalysis (Fromm),
236–238
freshness of appreciation, 275
Freud, Sigmund, 20–69. See also
psychoanalytic theory (Freud)
Alfred Adler and, 71–75, 80, 87–88, 90–91,
90 t, 94–95, 123–124
Gordon Allport and, 355, 356–357,
359, 365
biography, 21, 22–27, 63–65, 90–91
critique, 63–67
Eric Erikson and, 197–198, 201, 205, 206,
208, 209, 221, 224–225
Erich Fromm and, 229–230, 231, 234–235,
240, 244
Karen Horney and, 171, 172–173, 174, 186
Carl Gustav Jung and, 105, 107–111, 115,
123–124, 127, 130, 131
Melanie Klein and, 146–147, 152–155
Little Hans (case), 145
psychotherapeutic technique, 52–57
publications, 24–27, 37, 52–53, 57, 62–63,
65, 66, 107, 145, 258
Freudian slips (parapraxes), 56–57
Fromm, Erich, 227–254. See also humanistic
psychoanalysis (Fromm)
biography, 228, 229–231, 234–235
critique, 251–252
Sigmund Freud and, 229–230, 231,
234–235, 240, 244
Karen Horney and, 173, 228, 230–231,
234–235
Karl Marx and, 228, 230, 231, 235
publications, 231, 233, 234, 237, 246–251,
252–253
fully functioning person (Rogers), 309–311
functional autonomy (Allport), 365–368, 475
functions (Jung), 124–126, 126t
fundamental attribution error (Buss), 437
fundamental situational error (Buss), 437
Gandhi’s Truth (Erikson), 219–220
Gemeinschaftsgefühl, 81–84, 276, 360
gender. See also feminine psychology;
homosexual identity
as personal construct, 586–587
General Mills, 462
generalization, 536
generalized expectancies (GE, Rotter), 533,
536, 540, 541, 542
generalized reinforcers (Skinner), 472–473
generalized sensuality, 215, 216
generativity versus stagnation, 204f, 214–215
genetic determinism, 446
genital-locomotor mode (Erikson), 208
genital stage (Freud), 43, 50–51
genital stage (Klein), 154
genitality (Erikson), 213
German nationalism, 229–230
goals
in cognitive-affective personality theory
(Mischel), 557
in cognitive social learning theory (Rotter),
545–546
in individual psychology (Adler), 102–103
in person-centered theory (Rogers),
316–319external influences (McCrae & Costa), 396
external reinforcement (Rotter), 534
extinction (Skinner), 475
extraversion
in analytical psychology (Jung), 122,
123–126, 126t
biological basis of, 424–426
in biological factor theory (Eysenck),
415–418, 416f, 421–422
costs and benefits, 445t
in evolutionary theory (Buss), 441
in Five-Factor Theory, 389, 390–391, 391t,
401–404
extrinsic religious orientation, 375–378
Eysenck, Hans J., 408–429. See also
biologically based factor theory
(Eysenck)
biography, 409, 411–413, 503
critique, 428
publications, 412–413
Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), 389, 421
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ),
421, 424, 425
factor analysis, 371–372, 385–387. See also
trait and factor theories
factor loadings, 385
factor theories. See trait and factor theories
falsifiable theory, 12–13
family constellation (Adler), 91–92, 93, 93t,
96–98
fear
of death, 129, 134, 332, 344–349
in personal construct theory (Kelly), 582
feeling (Jung), 124–125, 126t
feminine psychology
Adler and, 76, 90–91, 100
Freud and, 23–24, 25, 47–50, 52, 63–65,
90–91
Fromm and, 234–235
Horney and, 186–189
Jung and, 116–117
Kelly and, 589–590
Klein and, 154–155
self-discrepancy theory, 316
fetal period
in biological factor theory (Eysenck), 410
temperament in, 410, 447–448
fiction (Adler), 79
fidelity, 204f, 210, 212
fight-flight-freeze system (FFFS), 488–489
final censor, 28, 30, 32f
Five-Factor Theory, 382–406
basic postulates, 396–398
basics of factor analysis, 385–387
biographies of McCrae and Costa, 387–388
concept of humanity, 405
core components of personality, 393–395
critique, 404–405
evolution of, 392–398
factors in, 389–392
overview of trait and factor theories,
383–384
peripheral components, 395–396
personal constructs and, 590–591
related research, 398–404
taxonomy versus, 7, 387
fixation, 41, 234
fixed-interval schedule (Skinner), 474
fixed-ratio schedule (Skinner), 473
fixed-role therapy, 583–584
forethought, 504
forgiveness, 376–377
formative tendency (Rogers), 295
fortuitous events (Bandura), 495, 503–504empirical observation, 465–466
enactive learning, 500
enactive mastery, 519
encoding strategies (Mischel), 555
enculturation resistance, 278
enhancement needs (Rogers), 296
environmental sources, of individual
differences, 443
epigenetic principle (Erikson), 201–203, 203f,
204 f, 207
epigenetics (Buss), 446
epistemology, 6
Erikson, Eric, 196–226. See also post-Freudian
theory (Erikson)
biography, 197, 198–200, 212
critique, 223–224
Sigmund Freud and, 197–198, 201, 205,
206, 208, 209, 221, 224–225
publications, 199, 200, 219–220
erogenous zones, 36–37
eros
in existential psychology (May), 337
in psychoanalytic theory (Freud), 36–37, 42,
51, 68
Escape from Freedom (Fromm), 231, 237,
249–250, 251
essential freedom (May), 339
esteem needs (Maslow), 262f, 265
ethology, 159
euphemistic labels, 515
evolutionary perspective, 309–311. See also
evolutionary psychology (Buss)
in behavioral analysis (Skinner), 475–477
Five-Factor Theory in, 392–398
evolutionary psychology (Buss), 430–456
common misunderstandings, 446–447
components of, 431–433, 435–436, 445t
concept of humanity, 454–455
critique of Buss, 453–454
neo-Bussian evolutionary models, 444–446
overview, 431–433
principles of, 435
related research, 447–453
exclusivity (Erikson), 213–214
excuses (Adler), 88
Existence (May et al.), 327
existential freedom (May), 339
existential living (Rogers), 310
existential needs (Fromm), 232–236, 236t
existential psychology (May), 323–352
anxiety, 327, 332–334
background of existentialism, 328–332
care, love, and will, 336–338
concept of humanity, 350–351
critique of May, 349–350
destiny, 339–340
freedom, 338–339
guilt, 334–335
intentionality, 335
overview, 324–325
power of myth, 340–342
psychopathology, 342
psychotherapy, 342–344
related research, 344–349
expectancy
in cognitive-affective personality theory
(Mischel), 556–557
in cognitive social learning theory (Rotter),
533, 546–548
experience corollary (Kelly), 578
exploitative characters (Fromm), 239, 245
expressive behavior, 268
Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity
Status (EOMEIS), 222
external evaluations (Rogers), 301