Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions. Yu Hyongwon and the Late Choson Dynasty - James B. Palais

272 SOCIAL REFORM current changes to the distant future by using rational efficiency, free choice, and practical knowledge as th ...

PART II CONCLUSION 273 not until the crisis of the mid-nineteenth century caused by the combination of domestic rebellion and th ...

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PART III Land Reform INTRODUCTION Living in the aftermath of the Japanese and Manchu invasions of [592-98, 1627, and 1637, Yu Hy ...

276 LAND REFORM and peasants in general might have been the exploitation of commercial taxes, but this would have required a fun ...

CHAPTER 7 Land Reform: Compromises with the Well-Field Model "If the great root is in confusion, in all other matters there will ...

278 LAND REFORM far greater number of smallholders, tenants, and landless hired laborers who were burdened with heavy shares of ...

LAND REFORM: COMPROMISES 279 Tung Chung-shu of the Former Han dynasty condemned the heinous destruc- tion of the well-fields and ...

280 LAND REFORM that although Chu Hsi and Lii Tsu-ch'ien also praised Lin's plan, it was too far a departure from the well-field ...

LAND REFORM: COMPROMISES 28r of the nine squares, which they cultivated for themselves. The ninth square, located in the center ...

282 LAND REFORM plot, however, was less a matter of dogmatism than a conclusion derived from a concern for the difficulties of a ...

LAND REFORM: COMPROMISES 283 Yu's admission "a system devised by the ancient sages."19 The details of Yu's reasoning on the ques ...

284 LAND REFORM Ch'aeji (Fief~ of the Feudal Vassals) and the Sadaebu It would be a mistake to think that the well-field system ...

LAND REFORM: COMPROMISES 285 knights or military service were not a reciprocal obligation attached to it.2s In short, the ch 'ae ...

286 LAND REFORM sion, adoption of the Ioo-myo unit (a specific number of square feet of standard and uniform length), the use of ...

LAND REFORM: COMPROMISES 287 Emperor Ai's decree: "The emperor decreed limits on the possession of land (myonRFJn) by the people ...

288 LAND REFORM and noji"jn in Korean) could not bc privately owned, inherited, or bequeathed. It was granted when the individua ...

LAND REFORM: COMPROMISES 289 Northern Ch'i after the wu-p 'ing era (570-576), "irregular imperial grants were made to the nobili ...

290 LAND REFORM was inefficient, and the peas'ants in fact sold off their allotments either to alle- viate indebtedness or to pa ...

LAND REFORM: COMPROMISES 291 increased burdens only acted as a stimulus for more out-migration, leading to another round of incr ...