Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions. Yu Hyongwon and the Late Choson Dynasty - James B. Palais

232 SOCIAL REFORM commoner population, probably because that was done by permitting manu- mission either for the performance of ...

SLAVERY 233 descendants of even legitimately enslaved criminals, captives, or bandits were condemned to an unwarranted servitude ...

234 SOCIAL REFORM Since he believed that the hereditary aspect of Korean slavery was a depar- ture from Chinese norms, he was na ...

SLAVERY 235 yet become widespread. III In the present (Chason) dynasty the increase in the slave population had left the country ...

236 SOCIAL REFORM Yu did not mean by his universal principle that "all men are the same" that all men (let alone women) were equ ...

SLAVERY 237 mixed marriages by that of the mother was really a violation of the Confucian ethical norms that he upheld. 119 On t ...

238 SOCIAL REFORM Hired Labor: the Profit/Harm Calculus Yu argued that hired labor was a justified substitute for slavery becaus ...

SLAVERY 239 what is profitable and avoid what is harmful. How could the present times be different from ancient times [on this s ...

240 SOCIAL REFORM of hired rather than slave labor, as an egalitarian society. On the contrary, Chi- nese men of position, statu ...

SLAVERY 241 by hired labor. While Yu's ultimate vision for the future was the disappearance of slavery and the replacement of sl ...

242 SOCIAL REFORM principles of proper Confucian order by using the leeway provided by the sub- stitution of wage labor for slav ...

SLAVER Y 243 that the use of force would be counterproductive as well as unnecessary. In Korea, where the reality of master/slav ...

244 SOCIAL REFORM roamed the countryside looking for work, assembling near some of the larger towns in labor markets. By the mid ...

SLAVERY 245 was because the commoner and male slave hired laborers usually ran away from their employers. '43 Contrary to the ar ...

246 SOCIAL REFORM ery (as opposed to serfdom in Europe) and corvee service began to weaken in the sixteenth century, the labor m ...

SLAVERY 247 becomes even less important to insist on a revolutionary increase in individual peasant income to explain the declin ...

248 SOCIAL REFORM of the matrilineal rule, he complained that the rule had produced too many law- suits over ownership of slave ...

SLAVERY 249 and local officials were shifting their commoner tax and service burdens to rel- atives and neighbors. Cho argued th ...

250 SOCIAL REFORM examinations for talent in the military arts, a measure that Yu Hyongwon had recommended. Slaves soon took adv ...

SLAVERY 251 ignored to secure an adequate number of male slaves for traditional low-status occupations. Nevertheless, in Chon's ...