Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions. Yu Hyongwon and the Late Choson Dynasty - James B. Palais
NOTES TO CHAPTER 23 1141
- Injo sillok28:52b-53a, Injo I I.I I.imjin.
- Ibid. 29:6a-b, Injo 12.2.chongch'uk.
- Ibid" 3 [:44a-b; Injong [3·7.imsul.
8. Additional refercnces for material covered to this point: MHBG [59:6a; Chang Kuk-
chong, "Sipch'il segi kiimsok hwap'e (tonghwa) iii yut'ong c laehayo" [Circulation of
metallic currency in the seventeenth century], Yoksa kwahak 76 ([ 96 [)=44-47: Won Yuhan,
"Yijo Sukchongjo iii chujon tonggi" [The motive for minting coins in Sukchong's reign],
TonRRuk sahak 9-JO (1966):37, 40-4[: idem, "Yijo hugi ch'ongjon iii suip yut'ong e
taehayo [Circulation of imported cash in the late Yi dynasty], Sahak yon'gu 21 (Sep-
tember 1969):145: idem, "Yijo Sukchong sidae iii chujon e taehayo" [Minting of cash
in Sukchong's reign], Sahak yon' gu [8 (1964):627 -74; idem, "Kiimsok hwap'ye (1972 ),"
pp. 100-103, J08, 112-15: idem, "Choson hugi iii kiimsok hwap'ye," Tongbanghak chi
13 (December 1972): 107: idem, Choson hURl hwap 'yesa yon 'gu [Studies in the history
of currency in the late Choson period] (Seoul: Han'guk yon'guwon, [975), pp. 27,84-85;
Ch'oe Hojin. Hall 'guk hwap 'ye sosa, pp. 83-84.
- The twelfth lunar month of previous year.
JO. Chang Kukchong, "Sipch'il segi," p. 47.
II. Injo sil/ok 4S:46a-47b, Injo 22.9.pyongsul, cited in Won Yuhan, "Chos6n hugi iii
kiimsok hwap'ye," pp. 104. I I4-16.
- MHBG I59:6b-7a; Kim Yuk, "Chamgok sonsaeng yugo p'oyu" [Supplement to
the bequeathed manuscripts of Kim Yuk], 5b-6b, dated twelfth lunar month of chOnRhaek
year, probably January, 1648, in Chamgok chOnjip [The complete works of Kim Yuk]
(Seoul: Taedong munhwa yon'guwon, Songgyun'gwan Taehakkyo, 1975), p. 279. Kim
Yuk was appointed magistrate of Kaesong in the fourth lunar month of 1648, "Cham-
gok sonsaeng yonbo" [Chronological history of Kim Yuk 1, in Chamgok chOnjip [The com-
plete works of Kim Yukl (Seoul: Taedong munhwa yon'guwon, Songgyun'gwan
Taehakkyo. [975), p. 477. Chang Kukchong believed that cash had already been circu-
lating even before 1634, not 1643 as Kim Yuk remarked, and that private minters must
have been coining cash, "Sipch'il segi," pp. 48-49. See also Won Yuhan, "Choson hugi
iii kiimsok hwap'ye," pp. [04, 11 2-I6.
- One ch'in!? contained 70 strings or 17,000 mUll of cash. 80 clt'ing meant 5,600
strings or 1,360,000 mun.
- Hyojong sillok, Hyojong 2.3.kyong'in, 2.3.ehOnghaek, cited in Won Yuhan, "Yijo
Sukehong sidae lii chujon," pp. 634-35; idem, "Choson hugi iii kiimsok hwap'ye," pp.
117-18. Just a few days before this meeting Hyojong had agreed to provide relief to peas-
ants starving from famine by selling military grain reserves in Uiju, Anju, Pyongyang,
and other places for cash. This action only indicated that the use of cash had become so
widespread that it was preferable to convert rice stocks to currency as a means of pro-
viding relief rather than transporting rice directly to various points around the provinces.
Contrary to what Wi'in Yuhan intimated in the first article cited above, this was not part
of a general plan to finance an increase in the supply of cash.
- MHBG 159:7a; HyojolJR sil/ok 6:2Sb, Hyojong 2-4.kyong'0; Won. "Choson hugi
iii hwap'ye," p. [[ 8.
