God’s Playground. A History of Poland, Vol. 2. 1795 to the Present

REVOLUTION AND REACTION 275 released the residual Uniate communities from active persecution. Trade Unions were legalized. In Po ...

276 REWOLUCJA departures which incensed the Tsar, and led to the dissolution. The third Duma assembled later that year under the ...

REVOLUTION AND REACTION 277 all spreading hatred of the Jews. It is perfectly understandable, of course, that they should be fur ...

2.78 REWOLUCJA not by native forces. Meanwhile, after 1908 reactionary policies were reasserted in almost every sphere. The assa ...

18. FENIKS: The Rebirth of the Polish State (1914-1918) In its origins the First World War had nothing to do with Polish problem ...

280 FENIKS Map ii. The Eastern Front, (1914-18) ...

THE REBIRTH OF THE POLISH STATE 28l We're kept apart, my brother, By a fate that we can't deny. From our two opposing dug-outs W ...

282 FENIKS The number of Polish military formations multiplied likewise. On 16 August 1914, Pilsudski merged his Riflemen with o ...

THE REBIRTH OF THE POLISH STATE 283 The Russian Army brings you the blessed news of that union. May the frontiers that cut acros ...

284 FENIKS German leaders were unprepared for the new developments. 'It was not our intention to reopen the Polish Question,' de ...

THE REBIRTH OF THE POLISH STATE^285 von BESSELER: Herr von Pilsudski, you know that in these stirring times Poland needs a leade ...

2.86 FENIKS of Workers and Peasant Deputies.^19 But this Bolshevik initiative cannot be con- sidered as anything more than a pri ...

THE REBIRTH OF THE POLISH STATE 287 Jassy in Romania where Allied negotiators were trying to persuade Poles from the mutinous 9t ...

288 FENIKS military regime over the Regency Council never wavered until the autumn of 1918. When it finally occurred, the collap ...

THE REBIRTH OF THE POLISH STATE Z89 Command. On II November, the day of the Western Armistice, he took office as Commander-in-Ch ...

290 FENIKS independence in November 1918 from the subsequent campaigns fought to pre- serve and defend that independence, he can ...

19. NIEPODLEGLOSC: Twenty Years of Independence (1918-1939) Molotov called it 'the monstrous bastard of the Peace of Versailles' ...

2.92. NIEPODLEGLOSC The collapse of all established order in Central and Eastern Europe con- demned the infant Republic to a ser ...

TWENTY YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE 293 Map iz. The Formation of the Polish Republic, (1918-21) ...

294 NIEPODLEGLOSC Berezina in May, all served to delay the Soviet advance. Then in the summer, fortunes changed. Budyonny's Firs ...