Eastern and Central Europe (Eyewitness Travel Guides)

TRAVEL INFORMATION 19 countries. This pass covers 30 countries across Europe, including most of the coun- tries covered in this ...

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EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE AT A GLANCE LANDSCAPES 22–23 GREAT CAPITALS 24–25 HISTORIC CITIES 26–27 CASTLES AND FORTRESSES 28–29 ...

Landscapes A range of climatic and geological conditions has forged an impressive variety of landscapes in Eastern and Central E ...

LANDSCAPES 23 Latvia Eastern Latvia’s Gauja National Park (see pp86–7) is dotted with green hills, sandstone cliffs and river si ...

Great Capitals Until the 20th century, Eastern and Central Europe were characterized by powerful empires rather than indepen den ...

GREAT CAPITALS 25 Vilnius The capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which stretched from the Baltic to the Black Sea in its 1 ...

Historic Cities Since time immemorial, Eastern Europe has been crossed by major trade routes to Russia, Central Asia and the Nea ...

HISTORIC CITIES 27 Rīga Rīga has been a major Baltic port since the 12th cen- tury. It still enjoys the reputation of a city dri ...

Castles and Fortresses The history of Eastern and Central Europe is one of shifting borders and military conquests. It is no sur ...

CASTLES AND FORTRESSES 29 Trakai Romantically situated on an island in the middle of a lake, Trakai Island Castle (see pp56–7) w ...

30 EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE AT A GLANCE Jewish Culture One of the key heart lands of Jewish culture, Eastern and Central Europ ...

JEWISH CULTURE 31 LANGUAGE AND CULTURE The everyday language of North Eastern European Jewry was Yiddish. By the early 19th cent ...

32 EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE AT A GLANCE The History of Eastern and Central Europe In this timeline of the history of Eastern a ...

THE HISTORY OF EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE 33 BYZANTINE BYZANTINE AND ROMANESQUE AFTER THE FALL OF ROME EARLY MIDDLE AGES AD 400 ...

34 EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE AT A GLANCE 1340 Ottoman Turks invade Thrace, gaining a foothold in Europe ART AND ARCHITECTURE In ...

THE HISTORY OF EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE 35 BAROQUE ROCOCO AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 ...

36 EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE AT A GLANCE 1914 Gavrilo Princip assassinates Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, spark ...

THE HISTORY OF EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE 37 POST-MODERNISM THE EUROPEAN UNION 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 1961 Soviet cosmona ...

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