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FIND OUT MORE. Agricultural Revolution 412 • Industry 204 • Manufacturing 205 History^419 TRANSPORTATION The Industrial Revoluti ...

420 History FIND OUT MORE. South America 232–233 WHO ENDED PORTUGUESE RULE IN BRAZIL? When Portugal was invaded by the French em ...

FIND OUT MORE. Holy Roman Empire 385 • Thirty Years’ War 406 WHY WAS POLAND IN REVOLT? Between 1772 and 1795 Poland was divided ...

(Ecuador) ATLANTIC OCEAN West Indies Galapagos Islands Alaska Greenland St. Pierre & Miquelon Jamaica Curaçao Bermuda Bahama ...

Ca spi an (^) S ea (Oman) INDIAN OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN (^) R ed (^) S ea Black Sea Suez Canal Sahara Sahel Arabian Peninsula S i b ...

424 History American Civil War In 1860 and 1861 a group of southern states, known as the Confederacy, withdrew from the United S ...

FIND OUT MORE. Australia and New Zealand 274–275 • Polynesia 396 History^425 WHY WERE CONVICTS SENT TO AUSTRALIA? From 1788 unti ...

426 History WHY DID WAR BREAK OUT? In the 20th century, European nations formed competing military alliances. War finally broke ...

WHAT WAS TOTAL WAR? This was war on a scale never experienced before. It was not just fought by professional soldiers. Most of t ...

428 History Revolutionary Russia By the 1890s, many European nations were bringing in democratic reforms, but not Russia. Angry ...

FIND OUT MORE. China’s First Empire 378 • Imperial China 393 Revolutionary China By the late 19th century, the Chinese Empire wa ...

430 History FIND OUT MORE. Economy 302–303 • The State 308–309 Asian Conflict The first half of the 20th century saw Britain, Fr ...

FIND OUT MORE. World War I 426–427 • World War II 432–433 The Swastika was an ancient symbol that the Nazis used to represent th ...

432 History WHY WAS THIS A WORLD WAR? The Allies included British, Australians, New Zealanders, Canadians, and South Africans, a ...

FIND OUT MORE. Fascism 431 • Nuclear Energy 167 • World War I 426–427 The Holocaust (meaning “sacrifice by burning”) was an atte ...

434 History FIND OUT MORE. Age of Empire 422–423 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Nations have always formed alliances. In the 20th c ...

FIND OUT MORE. International Organizations 434 • Nations 312 • War 313 History^435 Middle East The Middle East saw much conflict ...

436 History and Irish History Timeline of British The history of the British Isles is the history of the four nations that live ...

History^437 printing in England 1483–1485 Richard III (England) 1485 Richard III defeated at Bosworth by Henry Tudor 1485–1509 H ...

Index A page number in bold refers to the main entry for that subject. A Abbasids 386 Aborigines 274, 281, 283, 320, 331, 363 , ...