Gardners Art through the Ages A Global History

LAST SUPPERFor the refectory of the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Leonardo painted Last Supper(FIG. 22-4). Cleane ...

MONA LISALeonardo’s Mona Lisa (FIG. 22-5) is probably the world’s most famous portrait. The sitter’s identity is still the subje ...

lining is incorrect), was an astounding achievement in its day. Ana- lytical anatomical studies such as this epitomize the scien ...

In 1508, Julius II called Raffaello Santi (or Sanzio), known as Raphael(1483–1520) in English, to the papal court in Rome. Born ...

the papal apartments in the Apos- tolic Palace of the Vatican (MAP 24-1). Of the suite’s several rooms (stanze), Raphael painted ...

The groups appear to move easily and clearly, with eloquent poses and gestures that symbolize their doctrines and present an en- ...

Michelangelo Pope Julius II had a keen eye for talent and during his decade-long papacy also entrusted highly coveted commission ...

strength conveyed through complex, eccentric, and often titanic forms that loom before the viewer in tragic grandeur. Michelange ...

DAVIDMichelangelo returned to Florence in 1501, seven years af- ter the exile of the Medici (see Chapter 21). In 1495 the Floren ...

insight and emotionalism of Hellenistic statuary (FIGS. 5-80and 5-81). His Daviddiffers from those of Donatello and Verrocchio i ...

1545 and saw it placed in San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome, where Julius II had served as a cardinal before his accession to the papa ...

pear to be chained into never-relaxing tensions. Both exhibit that anguished twisting of the body’s masses in contrary direction ...

from Genesis, where the vault curves down. In the four corner pen- dentives,Michelangelo placed four Old Testament scenes with D ...

T he year 1989 marked the culmination of a 12-year project to clean the Sistine Chapel ceiling (FIG. 22-1). Cleaning of Michel- ...

THE COUNTER-REFORMATIONPaul III (r. 1534–1549) succeeded Clement VII as pope in 1534 at a time of widespread dis- satisfaction w ...

High and Late Renaissance 597 Architecture: Rome The Sistine Chapel was but a small part of the vast Vatican palace complex on t ...

to frame the “temple.” His intent was to coordinate the Tempietto and its surrounding portico by aligning the columns of the two ...

One of the main differences between the Early and High Re- naissance styles of architecture is the former’s emphasis on detailin ...

(FIG. 22-23), which he praised and chose to retain as the basis for his own design (FIG. 22-25). Michelangelo shared Bramante’s ...

PALAZZO FARNESEAnother architectural project Michelan- gelo took over at the request of Paul III was the construction of the lav ...