Gardners Art through the Ages A Global History

Equally influential was the English naturalist Charles Darwin (1809–1882), whose theory of nat- ural selection did much to incre ...

Impressionism 823 F or both artists and art historians, modernist art stands in marked contrast—indeed in forceful opposition—to ...

critics had used the term before, but only in relation to sketches. Im- pressionist paintings do incorporate the qualities of sk ...

and smoke it emits, rumbles into the station. In the background haze are the tall buildings that were becoming a major component ...

Although Caillebotte did not dis- solve his image into the broken color and brushwork characteristic of Impression- ism, he did ...

sionists. Most of her paintings focus on domestic subjects, the one realm of Parisian life where society allowed an upper-class ...

ÉDOUARD MANETAnother artist who depicted Parisian nightlife was Édouard Manet, whose career bridged Realism (see Chapter 30) and ...

not only to organize the flat shapes of figures but also to direct the viewer’s attention into the picture space. The Impression ...

hatch marks. Degas achieved this leaner quality with pastels,his fa- vorite medium. Using these dry sticks of powdered pigment, ...

Nature contains the elements, in color and form, of all pictures, as the keyboard contains the notes of all music. But the artis ...

the tone is new. Compare, for instance, this painting’s mood with the relaxed and casual atmosphere of Renoir’s Le Moulin de la ...

his art is much more than a scientifically based system.La Grande Jatte reveals Seurat’s recognition of the tenuous and shifting ...

834 Chapter 31 EUROPE AND AMERICA, 1870 TO 1900 T hroughout his life, Vincent van Gogh wrote letters to his brother Theo van Gog ...

PAUL GAUGUIN After painting as an amateur,Paul Gauguin (1848–1903) took lessons with Pissarro and then resigned from his prosper ...

Spirit (Gen. 32:24–30). The women pray devoutly before the appari- tion, as they would have before the roadside crucifix shrines ...

The basis of Cézanne’s art was his unique way of studying nature in works such as Mont Sainte-Victoire (FIG. 31-20), one of many ...

BASKET OF APPLES Still life was an- other good vehicle for Cézanne’s experiments, as he could arrange a limited number of se- le ...

the end of the 19th century, the representation of nature became completely subjective. Artists no longer sought to imitate natu ...

Moreau presented the theme within an operalike setting, a towering opulent architecture. (Moreau loved the music of Richard Wagn ...

impends—an encounter of the type that recalls the uneasiness of a person’s vulnerable subconscious self during sleep. AUBREY BEA ...