Gardners Art through the Ages A Global History

FIN-DE-SIÈCLEHistorians have adopted the term fin-de-siècle, which means “end of the century,” to describe the culture of the la ...

with sharper focus. Käsebier deliberately combined an out-of-focus background with a sharp or almost-sharp foreground in order t ...

JEAN-BAPTISTE CARPEAUX In France, Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux(1827–1875) combined an interest in Realism with a love of ancient, Rena ...

ing eye-level in the city center and preparing eternally to set off on their sacrificial journey. However, the city officials wh ...

Architecture and Decorative Arts The decisive effects of industrialization were impossible to ignore, and although many artists ...

synthesize all the arts in a determined attempt to create art based on natural forms that could be mass-produced for a large aud ...

LOUIS COMFORT TIFFANY The sensuous opulence of Art Nouveau is also on display in the stained-glass lamps ofLouis Comfort Tiffany ...

ALEXANDRE-GUSTAVE EIFFEL In the later 19th century, new technologies and the changing needs of urbanized, industrialized society ...

of late-19th-century commerce. To achieve this, he employed the lat- est technological developments to create light-filled, well ...

IMPRESSIONISM ❚A hostile critic applied the term Impressionismto the paintings of Claude Monet because of their sketchy quality. ...

32-1Machu Picchu (view from adjacent peak), Inka, Peru, 15th century. Inka architects designed Machu Picchu so that the windows ...

I n the years following the arrival of Christopher Columbus (1451–1506) in the New World in 1492, the Spanish monarchs poured mo ...

Mixteca-Puebla One of the most impressive art-producing peoples of the Postclassic period in Mesoamerica was the Mixtecs, who su ...

Tula about 1200 (see Chapter 14) brought a century of anarchy to the Valley of Mexico, the vast highland valley 7,000 feet above ...

COYOLXAUHQUI The Temple of Huitzilopochtli at Tenochti- tlán commemorated the god’s victory over his sister and 400 broth- ers, ...

her cheeks), at a hill near Tula (represented by the pyramid itself ). The mythical event is depicted on a huge stone disk (FIG. ...

South America Late Horizon is the name of the period in the Andes Mountains of Peru and Bolivia (MAP32-2) that corresponds to th ...

CUZCOIn the 16th century, the Spanish conquistadors largely destroyed the Inka capital at Cuzco. Consequently, most of the infor ...

continuous as if they were a single form. The surviving walls of the Temple of the Sun are a prime example of this single-form e ...

Southwest The dominant culture of the American Southwest between 1300 and 1500 was the Ancestral Puebloan (formerly called the A ...