The Legacy of Mesoamerica History and Culture of a Native American Civilization, 2nd Edition

402 UNIT 3 MODERN MESOAMERICA These centers, in their past iteration as “Nuevos Centros Aguascalientes” (see later), have been t ...

CHAPTER 10 THE MAYAN ZAPATISTA MOVEMENT 403 The optimism of this meeting failed, but its palpable threat to the Mexican po- liti ...

404 UNIT 3 MODERN MESOAMERICA have recently achieved in free elections in Bolivia and Guatemala, both of them na- tions with ind ...

CHAPTER 10 THE MAYAN ZAPATISTA MOVEMENT 405 Figure 10.3 A Zapatista serigraph that symbolizes the indigenous and nationalist goa ...

406 UNIT 3 MODERN MESOAMERICA COLLIER, GEORGEA. in collaboration with Elizabeth Quaratiello 1999 Basta! Land and the Zapatista R ...

407 CHAPTER 11 LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES OF MESOAMERICA Modern Mesoamerica is an area of great linguistic diversity. Although Spani ...

408 Figure 11.1 Family trees of Mesoamerican languages. Labels by language names are keys to Figure 11.2. ‡ means “extinct.” Nah ...

CHAPTER 11 LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES OF MESOAMERICA 409 All languages are constantly changing. In time, a language changes so much ...

410 Figure 11.2 Geographic distribution of Mesoamerican languages. Based on Map 13 in R. E. Asher and Christopher Mosley’s (1994 ...

CHAPTER 11 LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES OF MESOAMERICA 411 Box 11.1 Garífuna, a Language with a Complex History One of the most unusua ...

412 UNIT 4 MESOAMERICAN CULTURAL FEATURES A second set of hieroglyphic texts has recently been deciphered by John Juste- son and ...

CHAPTER 11 LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES OF MESOAMERICA 413 Box 11.2 Whistled Speech in Oaxaca Several of the native languages in the h ...

414 UNIT 4 MESOAMERICAN CULTURAL FEATURES The consonants of Mesoamerican languages also sometimes show contrasts that are unfami ...

CHAPTER 11 LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES OF MESOAMERICA 415 Table 11.1 Verbs with Affixes in Three Mesoamerican Languages San Dionicio ...

416 UNIT 4 MESOAMERICAN CULTURAL FEATURES One unusual pattern of pronoun use is widespread enough in Mesoamerica to merit mentio ...

CHAPTER 11 LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES OF MESOAMERICA 417 as well. It appears that Nahuas changed their word order after they entered ...

418 UNIT 4 MESOAMERICAN CULTURAL FEATURES The words for vigesimal units are typically the names of various kinds of con- tainers ...

CHAPTER 11 LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES OF MESOAMERICA 419 All of these characteristics typify the Mesoamerican language families, and ...

420 UNIT 4 MESOAMERICAN CULTURAL FEATURES degree of relationship among languages unless one or more of the social groups mi- gra ...

CHAPTER 11 LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES OF MESOAMERICA 421 exist in variation with the original forms, but eventually replace them. Su ...