A Concise History of the Middle East

The Gulf Crisis • 403 13 The Roots of Arab Bitterness To many Arabs (and some non-Arab Muslims), Saddam was a folk hero who defi ...

404 • 20 THE GULF WAR AND THE PEACE PROCESS their people's opposition to Saudi and US policies. Other governments, such as Jorda ...

Operation Desert Storm ••• 405 confess their "crimes" against the Iraqi people on state television. Many Kuwaitis were kidnapped ...

406 • 20 THE GULF WAR AND THE PEACE PROCESS civilian Iraqis. The embargo on Iraq was increasingly resented in the Mid¬ dle East. ...

Palestinians and the Peace Process ••• 407 village refused to pay taxes to Israel's authorities. The intifada began spon¬ taneou ...

408 • 20 THE GULF WAR AND THE PEACE PROCESS year, the Palestine National Council voted to declare an independent "State of Pales ...

Palestinians and the Peace Process ••• 409 man whom they elected, a moderate Christian acceptable to Syria, was as¬ sassinated a ...

410 • 20 THE GULF WAR AND THE PEACE PROCESS After eight trips to the Middle East, US Secretary of State James Baker managed to s ...

Palestinians and the Peace Process ••• 411 tion of Principles, also called the Oslo I Accord. The ceremony included brief speech ...

412 • 20 THE GULF WAR AND THE PEACE PROCESS Yasir Arafat S ources disagree on where Yasir Arafat (1929-2004) was born. Some say ...

Palestinians and the Peace Process ••• 413 other Arab countries. Jordan's King Husayn had long talked secretly with Israel about ...

414 • 20 THE GULF WAR AND THE PEACE PROCESS Accords. Netanyahu even agreed to withdraw Israeli troops from most of Hebron in Jan ...

Palestinians and the Peace Process ••• 415 Barak's offers to Arafat at Camp David seemed generous to Israel's back¬ ers, but in ...

416 • 20 THE GULF WAR AND THE PEACE PROCESS politicians felt were Barak's overly generous offers at Camp David. The prime minist ...

Whither Islam? • 417 can backers were expressed by acts of terrorism against government offi¬ cials, Copts, foreign tourists, an ...

418 • 20 THE GULF WAR AND THE PEACE PROCESS Mubarak since 1981, and Saudi Arabia by King Fahd since 1982. However, these countri ...

TWENTY-ONE The War on Terrorism The eastern US was basking in warmth and sunshine on the morning of 11 September 2001. Cars carr ...

420 • 21 THE WAR ON TERRORISM academe, the US Congress, and the White House, as the national interest. American policy formulati ...

Survey of Terrorism • 421 Eastern events from 2000 to 2005? What happens in the coming years will highlight some events at the e ...

422 • 21 THE WAR ON TERRORISM "state-sponsored terrorism," acts that have been ordered and paid for by established governments. ...