SAT Subject Test Chemistry,10 edition

7 . The membrane must be permeable to water, but not to salt. If it were permeable to salt, the salt ...

Use Raoult’s law to answer this question, with A = H 2 O and B = ethyl alcohol. Since we are told ...

Chapter 10 Chemical Equilibrium Dynamic Equilibrium Law of Mass Action Gas-Phase Equilibria Heterogeneous Equilibria L ...

Dynamic Equilibrium When we write a balanced chemical equation of the form 2NO 2 → N 2 O 4 , the me ...

Law of Mass Action For a general reaction of the form aA + bB → cC + dD, the law of mass action states ...

It is important to understand what the law of mass action is saying. It is always possible to write an e ...

Gas-Phase Equilibria The concentrations of the species in the law of mass action are expressed in moles per liter ...

Heterogeneous Equilibria Reaction equilibria that involve different physical states of matter (different phases) ...

action expression involves different powers of concentration or pressure depending on the stoichiometry. Howe ...

Le Châtelier’s Principle The French chemist Henry Louis Le Châtelier stated that a system at equilibrium to ...

than the equilibrium constant. Equilibrium is reestablished only by having more reactants go on to yield p ...

the above reaction, the net reaction would produce more D and concurrently more C. Likewise, using an ex ...

Changes in temperature also affect equilibrium. To predict this effect, heat may be considered as a product in ...

Ionic Equilibria In chapter 9 , we discussed the concepts of solubility and solvation. The notion of the equilibrium ...

SOLUBILITY AND THE SOLUBILITY PRODUCT CONSTANT Since the solubility product constant contains information about the ...

MX 2 (s) → M^2 + (aq) + 2X− (aq), and Ksp = [M2+][X−]^2 = x (2x)^2 = 4x^3 ; et cetera. In general, ...

Example: What are the concentrations of each of the ions in a saturated solution of PbBr 2 , given that ...

THE COMMON-ION EFFECT The solubility of a salt is considerably reduced when it is dissolved in a solution ...

Dynamic Equilibrium Law of Mass Action Gas-Phase Equilibria Heterogeneous Equilibria Le Châtelier’s Principle Changes i ...

Review Questions 1 . Given the following reaction: 2NO 2 (g) + 2H 2 (g) → N 2 (g) + 2H 2 O (g), what ...