Peter Singer-Animal Liberation

money.Theunnaturalwayinwhichthebirdsarekeptcauses the vices, but to control them the poultry farmermustmaketheconditionsstillmor ...

private broiler companies and most are content to achieve 70%fallingintoproperlytrimmedcategories....Replacement pulletshavethei ...

Inconclusion,itisfairtosaythatwedonotknowhowmuch discomfortorpainbirdsexperienceafterbeaktrimmingbut in acaringsociety theyshoul ...

theinspectionof88,000birds,letalonedotheotherchores and a bit of farming on the side. And then there is the exceedinglydimlighti ...

known simply as “acute death syndrome,” or ADS. Apparentlytheproductoftheunnaturalconditionsgenerated by the broiler industry, A ...

of birds suffering from deformities is bound to be much higher.^18 Theauthors ofa studyof oneparticular form of cripplingconclud ...

sunlightisnolessso.Thedoorswillbeflungopenandthe birds,accustomednowtosemidarkness,aregrabbedbythe legs, carried out upside down ...

gohandinhand.Apologistsforfactoryfarmingoftensaythat ifthebirdsoranimalswerenothappy,theywouldnotthrive and hence would not be p ...

long as their smaller counterparts, before they meet their end.^25 “Ahen,”SamuelButleroncewrote,“isonlyanegg’swayof makinganothe ...

recommendingdebeaking“sometimebetween 5 and 10 days ofage,”becausethereislessstressonthechicksatthistime thaniftheoperationisdon ...

higher....Brokenlegsandbruisedheadsareboundtooccur when you move birds.”^31 Whatever the method of rearing used, all the big egg ...

Walk into the pullet house and the reaction is immediate—completepandemonium.Thesquawkingisloud andintenseassome20,000birdsshove ...

The wire floor also has an economic justification. The excrementdropsthrough andcanbe allowedtopileupfor manymonths until itisal ...

freelyseemsanabsoluteminimumnecessarytoprotectthem from an intolerabledegree ofconfinement thatfrustratesa very basic urge. Soma ...

atypicalsizeis 12 by 20 inchesinwhichanywherefromone tofivelayersarehoused.Spaceavailableperbirdvariesfrom 240 to 48 squareinche ...

Tribunearticle,whenfivebirdsareinthestandardtwelve-by- twenty-inch cages,convertstojust 300 squarecentimeters. Withonlyfourbirds ...

cages,thisalsoshowsthatthenewminimumwilldonomore than write into the law the very high stocking densitiesthatmosteggproducersare ...

paperrepresentsthelivingspacefortwohens,andthebirds are virtually sitting on top of each other. Undertheconditionsstandardonmode ...

and found “complete pandemonium.” Here is the same reporter’s account of the laying house: Thebirdsinthelayinghousearehysterical ...

atit.Ifthispeckingdrawsblood,furtherpeckingwillresult, which can lead to cannibalism. Hensalsoprovideanotherkindofevidencethatth ...