USMLE Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2019: Obstetrics/Gynecology (Kaplan Test Prep)

THECA LUTEIN CYSTS These are benign neoplasms stimulated by high levels of FSH and β-hCG. They are associated ...

PREPUBERTAL PELVIC MASS An 8-year-old girl is evaluated in the emergency department for sudden onset of severe ...

Diagnosis. In a prepubertal patient who is symptomatic and has U/S evidence of an adnexal mass, a surgical evalu ...

The current survival rate is >95% in patients with germ cell tumors managed with conservative m ...

PREMENOPAUSAL PELVIC MASS COMPLEX MASS A 28-year-old woman is in the emergency department complaining of lower abdom ...

GYN TRIAD Dysgerminoma In young women, the most common complex adnexal mass is a dermoid cyst or benign cystic ...

Benign cystic teratoma Dermoid cysts are benign tumors. They can contain cellular tissue from all 3 germ layer ...

GYN TRIAD Benign Cystic Teratoma Rarely, a malignancy can originate from a dermoid cyst, in which case the m ...

PAINFUL ADNEXAL MASS A 31-year-old woman is taken to the emergency department complaining of severe sudden lower ...

GYN TRIAD Ovarian Torsion Management. Untwist the ovary (with laparoscopy or laparotomy) and observe the ovary for a fe ...

POSTMENOPAUSAL PELVIC MASS A 70-year-old woman comes for annual examination. She complains of lower abdominal ...

The most compelling theory of epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis suggests that serous, endometrioid, and clear cel ...

GYN TRIAD Serous Carcinoma Postmenopausal woman Pelvic mass ↑ CEA or CA-125 level ...

GYN TRIAD Choriocarcinoma Postmenopausal woman Pelvic mass ↑ hCG level ...

GYN TRIAD Sertoli-Leydig Tumor Classification of Ovarian Cancer Type Percentage Age Group Epithelial 80% Older Postmenopausal ...

Table II-5-2. Classic Histology Types of Ovarian Cancer Germ cell 15% Young Stromal 5% All Metastatic tumors are can ...

GYN TRIAD Endometrial Carcinoma Metastatic to Ovaries Figure II-5-3. Ovarian Oncology Tumor Markers. Postmenopausal woma ...

Staging. Staging is surgical. Stage I: Spread limited to the ovaries IA. Limited to one ovary, capsule intact, negati ...

time of surgery, a unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (USO) is done and sent for frozen section. If the fin ...

chemotherapy unless they have metastasis; this is a rare occurrence. ...