Plant Biotechnology and Genetics: Principles, Techniques and Applications

practices and the loss of (semi)natural habitat types, field margins have become increasingly important habitats for conserving ...

control. Bt maize, variety Novelis transgenic event MON810 (abbreviated Bt), which synthesized the Cry1Ab protein insect control ...

Pollen densities on the host leaves were estimated using a double-sided adhesive tape glued onto microscope slides. Caterpillars ...

to Bt pollen, risk of Bt pollen to monarch butterflies was determined to be negligible (Sears et al. 2001) (ERA step 4). Again, ...

because of exposure. Bt Cry1Ac endotoxin will kill monarch larvae and certain other larvae if there is enough of it. The job of ...

factors must be considered as important criteria when evaluating agricultural performance and benefits. In summary, farmers will ...

The example of testing nontarget butterfly species showed the value of field experiments in environmental risk assessment. Labor ...

a potential threat to the environment. A small group of students started to criti- cally overview the foundation of the research ...

But as luck would have it, I left in 2002 for a full time regulator job in a Federal German Agency. My job is highly inspiring s ...

...

&CHAPTER 14 Intellectual Property in Agricultural Biotechnology: Strategies for Open Access ALAN B. BENNETT, CECILIA CHI-HAM ...

What is “freedom to operate” (FTO) in the intellectual property context? What are the main issues in considering FTO when devel ...

modern biotechnology, was nonexclusively licensed under reasonable financial terms, a strategy that resulted in licenses to 468 ...

If nature has made any one thing less susceptible than all others of exclusive property, it is the action of the thinking power ...

patentability? Any disclosure of a potentially patentable idea should be made thoughtfully and/or in consultation with an attorn ...

innovations than was previously the case. The trend in patents awarded related to plant bio- technologies between 1980 and 2000 ...

14.4 Development of an “Anticommons” in Agricultural Biotechnology The proliferation of patents in biotechnology led to the deve ...

14.4.2 Selectable Markers The most commonly utilized plant selectable marker genes include thenptIIandhptgenes that confer antib ...

a promoter database that includes information on expression characteristics as well as their IP status (the database will be hos ...

to a range of options: identifying in-licensing targets, considering the substitution of tech- nologies, deciding to ignore the ...