A History of the World From the 20th to the 21st Century

junta had wanted to set up. Orthodox financial management, especially policies designed to reduce the foreign debt, inevitably r ...

Chile The Chilean people are predominantly homoge- neous, descended from the Spaniards and the indigenous population and later E ...

The coalition of the left was exposed to the hostility of the US as the Cold War developed. In 1948 the Communist Party was outl ...

killed, possibly accidentally, when a third attempt was made to abduct him. This brutal intervention outraged the Chilean genera ...

army’s loyalty was to the constitutional process and if Allende had tried to establish an authoritar- ian Marxist regime he woul ...

representative constitution was set aside and an emergency ‘state of siege’ declared that effectively abolished freedom and civi ...

demand, provided the government balanced its own budget and kept the supply of printed money in check. Ideologically, the father ...

Argentina Like Chile, Argentina was ruled by an authoritar- ian military junta during the 1970s which paid no respect to human r ...

By then the military had tired of the vestiges of representative government, with its party system and the disproportionate powe ...

decided on a surprise invasion of the British Falkland Islands, claimed by Argentina as Las Islas Malvinas. The Falklands had co ...

opposition provided good evidence of their reviv- ing strength when, in elections for provincial gov- ernors, they won most of t ...

representative civilian government. It was a pro- gressive and prosperous country exporting meat, cereals and wood and its popul ...

relied mainly on the export of coffee, the basis for its later industrial growth was laid during the Vargas dictatorship. That d ...

industry and private investment, and the large bank loans required, were attracted by the avail- ability of cheap and plentiful ...

foreign creditors to ease the payments on Brazil’s huge debt. A preliminary agreement was reached in 1991. Mello’s determination ...

2003 with his vision of Brazil leaping into the developed world of prosperity, justice and equal- ity and providing every Brazil ...

Democrática Party, and Betancourt became the first president to complete his term of office, sur- viving many assassination atte ...

The economy did not improve, mismanage- ment and Chàvez’s authoritarian attempts to govern and introduce reforms, a catalogue of ...

In the 1980s, revolution, civil war and the anti- communist drive of the US in the Western hemi- sphere turned world attention t ...

of what was given was diverted to military security against social revolution in the 1960s. Social revo- lution and a more equit ...