Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 23rd Edition

469 CHAPTER 28 Gastrointestinal Motility OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: ■ List the major forms o ...

470 SECTION V Gastrointestinal Physiology direction activate neurons that secrete NO, vasoactive intesti- nal polypeptide (VIP), ...

CHAPTER 28 Gastrointestinal Motility 471 (which suppresses motilin release via mechanisms that have not yet been elucidated), wi ...

472 SECTION V Gastrointestinal Physiology at the junction with the stomach (intrinsic sphincter). Fibers of the crural portion o ...

CHAPTER 28 Gastrointestinal Motility 473 AEROPHAGIA & INTESTINAL GAS Some air is unavoidably swallowed in the process of eat ...

474 SECTION V Gastrointestinal Physiology contraction increases intra-abdominal pressure. The lower esophageal sphincter and the ...

CHAPTER 28 Gastrointestinal Motility 475 arise centrally. For example, afferents from the vestibular nuclei mediate the nausea a ...

476 SECTION V Gastrointestinal Physiology The movements of the colon include segmentation contrac- tions and peristaltic waves l ...

CHAPTER 28 Gastrointestinal Motility 477 defecation occurs. Defecation is therefore a spinal reflex that can be voluntarily inhi ...

478 SECTION V Gastrointestinal Physiology response, defecation after meals is the rule in children. In adults, habit and cultura ...

479 CHAPTER 29 Transport & Metabolic Functions of the Liver OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: ■ ...

480 SECTION V Gastrointestinal Physiology across the liver lobule from the portal venule to the central hepatic vein is about 8. ...

CHAPTER 29 Transport & Metabolic Functions of the Liver 481 this functional unit to the terminal branches of the hepatic vei ...

482 SECTION V Gastrointestinal Physiology particulates are trapped in and broken down by the strategically- located Kupffer cell ...

CHAPTER 29 Transport & Metabolic Functions of the Liver 483 The glucuronides of the bile pigments, bilirubin and biliverdin, ...

484 SECTION V Gastrointestinal Physiology extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. When it is due to one of the first three processes ...

CHAPTER 29 Transport & Metabolic Functions of the Liver 485 ammonia in the circulation is cleared into the hepatocytes. Ther ...

486 SECTION V Gastrointestinal Physiology solution, the micelles simply become larger, and since osmo- larity is a colligative p ...

CHAPTER 29 Transport & Metabolic Functions of the Liver 487 CHAPTER SUMMARY ■ The liver conducts a huge number of metabolic ...

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