Medicinal Chemistry
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS APPROACH One approach for connecting diseases to molecules is to focus on the ten fundamental physiolo ...
Traumatic (pathology from injury) External source (destructive physical injury; e.g., motor vehicle accident) Internal source ( ...
THE MOLECULAR MESSENGER AND NONMESSENGER TARGET SYSTEM A third conceptual approach, the one favored in this book, is to focus on ...
Voltage-gated ion channels Ligand-gated ion channels G-proteins b. Cytoplasmic organelle targets Mitochondrial targets Rough end ...
Bacteria Fungi Parasites b. Environmental toxins Biological Chemical Organic Inorganic Physical Within each of these categories ...
The identification of such cellular targets for drug design necessitates an appreciation of the anatomy of cellular structure. T ...
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4.1 OVERVIEW OF RELEVANT NEUROANATOMY AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGY This chapter deals with endogenous messenger molecules (neurotransmitt ...
4.1.1 The Neuron The human brain is composed of more than 100 billion neurons with widely differing molecular properties. Neuron ...
The neuron is the fundamental structural unit of the nervous system. Each neuron is also a functioning “bioelectric unit”, capab ...
eventually prevents the loss of more K+ions, and an equilibrium is reached; the cell becomes polarized and the transmembrane pot ...
that the medicinal chemist understands synaptic transmission when designing neuroactive drugs. Synaptic transmission is not elec ...
become more sophisticated. At this point it is well to consider that the classical definitions and concepts in this field have b ...
diencephalon(upper end, where the brainstem meets the cerebrum). Twelve pairs of nerves, collectively referred to as the cranial ...
therefore, it is of interest to the design of agents for appetite control. The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus a ...
the striatum; see section 4.4.4) and Huntington’s chorea (targeting the caudate nucleus; see section 4.7.8). The outermost layer ...
contains 150 mL of CSF, with a CSF secretion rate of 0.4 mL/min; thus, the total CSF in the brain is completely replaced 3–4 tim ...
NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND THEIR RECEPTORS 203 the sensorimotor system. The autonomic nervous system is further divided into two part ...
4.2 ACETYLCHOLINE AND THE CHOLINERGIC RECEPTORS From the perspective of drug design, acetylcholine is one of the most important ...
NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND THEIR RECEPTORS 205 Cholinergic impulses Adrenergic impulses Response Receptor Response Effector organs ty ...
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