MicroBiology-Draft/Sample

Figure 3.19 Prokaryotic cells may have various types of inclusions. (a) A transmission electron micrograph of polyhydroxybutryra ...

Characteristics of Vegetative Cells versus Endospores Vegetative Cells Endospores Sensitive to extreme temperatures and radiatio ...

Figure 3.20 (a) Sporulation begins following asymmetric cell division. The forespore becomes surrounded by a double layer of mem ...

Plasma Membrane Structures that enclose the cytoplasm and internal structures of the cell are known collectively as thecell enve ...

in chemical composition among archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes, allowing scientists to use them to characterize unique species. ...

Figure 3.23 Facilitated diffusion down a concentration gradient through a membrane protein. Active transport occurs when cells m ...

Cell Wall The primary function of the cell wall is to protect the cell from harsh conditions in the outside environment. When pr ...

are referred to as acid-fast, since acid-fast stains must be used to penetrate the mycolic acid layer for purposes of microscopy ...

of Lipid A, a core polysaccharide, and an O side chain that is composed of sugar-like molecules that comprise the external face ...

advantageous to the microbes living in a biofilm, but they present challenges in a clinical setting, where the goal is often to ...

Filamentous Appendages Many bacterial cells have protein appendages embedded within their cell envelopes that extend outward, al ...

pharyngitis (strep throat), impetigo, toxic shock syndrome, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, and necrotizing fasciitis. The M pro ...

Figure 3.32 The basic structure of a bacterial flagellum consists of a basal body, hook, and filament. The basal body compositio ...

the length of the tumbles is reduced, allowing overall movement toward the higher concentration of the attractant. When no chemi ...

What is the peptidoglycan layer and how does it differ between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria? Compare and contrast m ...

Figure 3.36 An illustration of a generalized, single-celled eukaryotic organism. Note that cells of eukaryotic organisms vary gr ...

Summary of Cell Structures Cell Structure Prokaryotes Bacteria Archaea Eukaryotes Genome characteristics Single chromosome Circ ...

viscosity of its cytoplasm, the rigidity of its cell membrane or cell wall (if it has one), and the physical pressure exerted on ...

Figure 3.38 Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus. The nucleus of this mammalian lung cell is the large, dark, oval-shape ...

Figure 3.40 (a) The nucleolus is the dark, dense area within the nucleus. It is the site of rRNA synthesis and preribosomal asse ...