Encyclopedia of Buddhism
monastery construction was characteristic of the next period of Japanese history, the Kamakura (1185– 1333). Austerities were su ...
of the desire of wealthy laypeople to donate land and permanent structures to the san ̇gha. Although scholars debate the origins ...
the monastery where he or she is seeking ORDINATION. During this period, the postulant learns about the practice of monastic lif ...
The categories of monks and the stages of ordina- tion outlined above are often traced back to Indian Buddhist practices. In act ...
Relationship between the monastic institution and the laity The survival of the Buddhist monastic order depends on two factors: ...
lier than circa 1451 in Korea, 1682 in China, or 1715 in Japan. Although the term is relatively late, it can be used to retrospe ...
dhist practice, thereby trading political control of Ti- bet for spiritual authority over the Mongol khan. Mongol rule over Tibe ...
to Khalkha to found the Tusheet khanate and to build Erdeni Zuu, a monastery at Ogodei’s old capital of Kharakhoram modeled on A ...
architecture, translation, and publishing in Beijing, Chengde (Jehol), Dolonnor, and beyond. The Mongolian lineages of the Rje b ...
ment failed to convince the new communist-led gov- ernment of the People’s Republic of Mongolia, how- ever, and, in 1937, follow ...
fasting, sleep deprivation, self-mutilation, and various other sorts of physical trials. Reasons for a man to pur- sue such a li ...
century, Buddhists have turned to such reform monks to meet the challenge of finding new sources of rev- enue with the emergence ...
even enlightened eccentric monks are all, for the most part, positive images. Equally prominent in all cultures where Buddhism i ...
by the great Chan master of the Caodong tradition, Hongzhi Zhengjue (1091–1157). However, the term was made infamous by Hongzhi’ ...
monk during initiation, are one way of representing the numerous transcendent buddhas of the later pan- theon. Like the earlier ...
Womb, who is generally portrayed as a monk, plays an important role in Central and East Asia, where he is revered as a guide to ...
is frequently linked with Avalokites ́vara and is revered in Tibet. Others include Prajñaparamita, the personi- fication of w ...
thereby its place among the various vinayas. It could be read as “The Root (or Original) Monastic Code of the Group that Teaches ...
example, AMITABHA (Amida) and Mahavairocana (Dainichi), were, unlike the historical S ́akyamuni, ab- stract expressions of th ...
In 1057 C.E., the Bamar king of Pagan, Anawrahta (Pali, Anuruddha), conquered the Mon kingdom of Thaton in Lower Myanmar, inaug ...
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