MLARTC_FM.part 1.qxp

By 1350, the process of adding ever increasing numbers of plates of ever increasing size to the older mail armor of the knight h ...

glect. Instead, many new forms of order and pseudo-order, only superfi- cially resembling the older orders, were founded, both b ...

knight in the name of God and St. George, to guard loyally faith and jus- tice, to sustain just quarrels loyally with all your p ...

From the beginning of this phase around 1430, the principal locus of traditional chivalric knighthood in most kingdoms was the m ...

but by a continuous decline in the use of knightly methods of fighting, in the holding of tournaments at which those methods cou ...

Kobudô, Okinawan The term kobudô(Japanese, as are all terms that follow unless indicated) translates as “old martial arts.” It i ...

means “warrior”]). Sakugawa passed his kobudô to his disciple Ginowan Donchi, who perfected the weapons forms given to him by hi ...

Japanese Influence on Okinawan Kobudô The kumidances of Okinawa are dances performed by two players who simulate sparring with v ...

Peichin; warrior) studied karate in Oki- nawa from the Chinese master Iwah and from Sakugawa Toudi. Matsumura later served as a ...

various forms upon returning to Okinawa. Matayoshi Shinkô (1888–1947) studied bô, sai, kama, and eku under Gushikawa no Tigwa in ...

Chinen Masame (Yamane-ryû), Uechi Kanei (Uechi-ryû), and Kinjo Hiroshi (Shuri-di). Taira amassed a considerable knowledge of Ryû ...

upon the Korean people. Freed by the Allies in 1945, Korea was soon di- vided by the conflict between Communism and capitalistic ...

rean ssiru ̆ m and Japanese sumô. The claims of Korean nationalists regard- ing these tombs are also tenuous, since the style de ...

fucianism so completely that Korea was in many ways more Confucian than was China itself. The only martial art that Confucius pr ...

nese language was taught in the schools rather than Korean, and many Ko- reans raised in that era never learned to read the Kore ...

nese withdrawal. Moreover, Korean students who had studied in Japanese universities often returned with knowledge of karate. Kor ...

Ji Han-Jae was greatly responsible for the spread of Hapkidô, both through his own efforts and through the students whom he intr ...

KTA and changed the name back to the Korea Taekwondo Association. In 1966, KASA began the development of a training center for i ...

Choi Hong Hi, and He-Young Kimm. 2000. “General Choi Hong Hi: A Tae kwon-Do History Lesson.” Taekwondo Times20, no. 1: 44–58. Fr ...

including Ming general Qi Jiguang’s (1528–1587) New Book of Effective Discipline (ca. 1561), together with contemporary Korean p ...