Medical-surgical Nursing Demystified
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^59 Defibrillation (refer to ACLS protocol). Endotracheal intubation to manually compress a bag ...
(^60) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified blood between beats; subsequently, less blood is pumped throughout the body than duri ...
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^61 TREATMENT Treatment consists of establishing a regular rate and rhythm. Cardiopulmonary resu ...
(^62) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified Aortic Insufficiency (AI) WHAT WENT WRONG? Leakage of the aortic valve causes blood t ...
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^63 heparin warfarin enoxaparin NURSING DIAGNOSES Anxiety Decreased cardiac output Activity in ...
(^64) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified PROGNOSIS The prognosis may be chronic with stabilization of symptoms, or acute, usua ...
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^65 NURSING DIAGNOSES Anxiety Decreased cardiac output Activity intolerance NURSING INTERVENTIO ...
(^66) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified HALLMARK SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Murmur at apex Difficulty breathing (dyspnea) on exertio ...
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^67 NURSING INTERVENTION Place patient in a high Fowler’s position to ease breathing. Monitor fo ...
(^68) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified Systolic click and/or late systolic murmur Chest pain Fatigue Syncope Dyspnea INTER ...
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^69 NURSING INTERVENTION Place patient in a high Fowler’s position to facilitate breathing. Afte ...
(^70) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified Jugular venous distention due to overload in the right atria Hepatic congestion from ...
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^71 Monitor for: Pulmonary edema because backflow to the lungs may occur. Heart failure to asses ...
(^72) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified WHAT TO DO? Typically a technician will perform the electrocardiograph and a physicia ...
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^73 WHAT TO DO? Before the test: Chemistry to assess creatinine, BUN and creatinine clearance. T ...
(^74) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified HOW DOES THE TEST WORK? Sound waves are directed to and deflected by the heart, causi ...
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^75 Digital Subtraction Angiography WHY IS IT GIVEN? Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) enable ...
(^76) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified HOW DOES THE TEST WORK? A balloon-tipped catheter is inserted into the pulmonary arte ...
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System^77 WHAT TO DO? Explain the test to the patient and that the patient will be asked to hold his o ...
(^78) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified Cholesterol level: (cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides). Numbers need to be low ex ...
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