Advanced Automotive Technology: Visions of a Super-Efficient Family Car
l l increase in the number of gear steps between the available limits (that is, moving to five or more speeds in an automatic tr ...
ratios lower than about 0.7. Increasing the first gear ratio to about 4.0, however, provided better standing start performance. ...
(1982), have resulted in lowered expectations of benefits. A more recent test conducted by the Netherlands Testing Organization ...
to drivability and vibration. Operating the engine at very low rpm leads to conditions known as “lugging” that causes a very jer ...
BOX 3-1: Box Fuel Cell Use in Urban Buses Both the phosphoric acid fuel cell and proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell can ut ...
BOX 3-2: Arguments in Favor of an Inexpensive PEM Fuel Cell A number of advocates of light-duty vehicle applications for fuel ce ...
inherent simplicity of a fuel cell compared to an internal combustion engine, which has hundreds of moving parts; operation of P ...
TABLE 3-1: Lightweight Materials: Relative Component Costs and Weight Savings Relative materials Relative Weight savings Cast ap ...
TABLE 3-2: Mechanical Properties of Some Alternative Automotive Structural Materials Density (gm/cc) Low carbon steel 7.5 Alumin ...
TABLE 3-3: Weight Distribution in the Ford Taurus (circa 1990) System/subsystem Weight Percentage Body-in-white 826 25.5 Hinges, ...
TABLE 3-4: Manufacturer’s Projection of Potential Improvements in Light-Truck CD Vehicle type Potential best Current average Pic ...
TABLE 3-5: Summary of Long-Term Fuel Efficiency Benefits from Advanced Technology Fuel consumption impact (%) Manufacturers mean ...
TABLE 3-6: Estimated RPEs for DISC Engines Engine I Without VVLT I With VVLT 4-cylinder I $500-$550 I $750-$850 6-cylinder $650- ...
TABLE 3-7: Retail Price Effects for Friction Reduction Components in Four-Valve Engines Roller cams Lightweight valve/springs Pi ...
TABLE 3-8: Fuel Consumption/Economy Benefits of Diesel Engines Relative to Gasoline Engines Fuel consumption Fuel economy | (per ...
TABLE 3-9: Fuel Economy Comparison at Equal Performance: Gasoline vs. Diesel (miles per imperial gallon) Type Manufacturer Model ...
TABLE 3-10: U.S. Advanced Battery Consortium Battery Development Goals Criterion Mid-term goal Long-term goal Power density, W/L ...
TABLE 3-11: Battery Technology Technology Sponsor a Developera Status (mid-1994) Bipolar lead acid CARB Arias Prototype module S ...
TABLE 3-12: Current State-of-the-Art for Batteries (expected values in parenthesis) Specific Power Specific Energy W/kg @ 20% St ...
TABLE 3-13: Subjective Rating of Different Motors for EV Use Drive System With DC-motor, AC induction Feature separately excited ...
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