Manual of Clinical Nutrition

HIV Infection and AIDS

Manual of Clinical Nutrition Management III- 53 Copyright © 2013 Compass Group, Inc.

Generic Name (commercial name);
Class of Drug (manufacturer);
Forms (tablets, capsules, oral
solutions, or injections)

Food, Drink, and

Other Interactions

Potential Side Effects

Didanosine, ddI (Videx, Videx EC);
NRTI (Bristol-Myers Squibb);
Videx: chewable tablets (orange,
contains sorbitol, aspartame); powder;
Videx EC: capsules

Take without food on

an empty stomach

½ hour before or 2

hours after a meal;

Do not take with acidic

drinks or foods,

aluminum-

containing antacids,

or magnesium-

containing

supplements;

Avoid drinking alcohol

Loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea and

vomiting, abdominal pain,

constipation, dry mouth, taste

changes, pancreas infection,

(increased risk if you drink alcohol),

lactic acidosis (rare), problems with

feeling in your arms and legs;

Be careful if you have kidney problems

Efavirenz (Sustiva);
NNRTI (Bristol-Myers Squibb);
Capsules, tablets (both contain lactose)

Take on an empty

stomach;

A high-fat meal

increases the risk

for side-effects;

Avoid drinking alcohol

Loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting,

diarrhea, taste changes, increased

good and bad cholesterol levels,

increased triglyceride levels

Emtricitabine (Emtriva);
NRTI (Gilead);
Capsules

Take with or without

food;

Eating a high-fat meal

lowers the highest

drug levels

Nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, lactic

acidosis (rare);

Be careful if you have kidney problems;

may require a dose change

Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon);
Fusion inhibitor (Hoffman-LaRoche);
Powder for injection

No diet restrictions Diarrhea, nausea, fatigue, loss of
appetite, constipation, inflamed
pancreas, increased triglyceride
levels, increased lipase, increased
amylase;
Low weight decreases clearance of drug
from your blood, but no dose
adjustment is recommended
Fosamprenavir (Lexiva);
Protease inhibitor (Glaxo SmithKline);
Tablets

Take with or without

food;

Avoid vitamin E

supplementation

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, increased

triglyceride levels, fat maldistribution

Indinavir (Crixivan);
Protease inhibitor (Merck);
Capsules (contain lactose)

Take on an empty

stomach or with

very-low-

calorie/low-protein

snack

(Note: no food

restriction when

taken with

ritonavir);

Take with plenty of

fluids (at least 1.5

liters per day);

avoid grapefruit

juice

Nausea, vomiting, acid reflux, increased

or decreased appetite, abdominal

pain, taste changes, diarrhea, kidney

stones, diabetes (rare), increased

blood liver enzyme levels or pancreas

enzymes, increased muscle damage,

red blood cells are destroyed faster

than your body can make them,

impaired liver functioning;

Dose is changed in cirrhotic liver

disease; hyperlipidemia; fat

maldistribution