Microsoft Word - Cengel and Boles TOC _2-03-05_.doc

Isentropic Efficiency of Nozzles Nozzles are essentially adiabatic devices and are used to accelerate a fluid. Therefore, the is ...

376 | Thermodynamics Solution The acceleration of air in a nozzle is considered. For specified exit pressure and isentropic effi ...

7–13 ■ ENTROPY BALANCE The property entropyis a measure of molecular disorder or randomness of a system, and the second law of t ...

Entropy Change of a System, Ssystem Despite the reputation of entropy as being vague and abstract and the intim- idation associ ...

When the temperature Tis not constant, the entropy transfer during a process 1-2 can be determined by integration (or by summati ...

Entropy Generation, Sgen Irreversibilities such as friction, mixing, chemical reactions, heat transfer through a finite temperat ...

When evaluating the entropy transfer between an extended system and the surroundings, the boundary temperature of the extended s ...

or, in the rate form, as (7–83) This entropy balance relation can be stated as: The rate of entropy change within the control vo ...

Chapter 7 | 383 Analysis We first take the wallas the system (Fig. 7–65). This is a closed systemsince no mass crosses the syste ...

384 | Thermodynamics Analysis We take the throttling valve as the system(Fig. 7–66). This is a control volumesince mass crosses ...

Chapter 7 | 385 EXAMPLE 7–19 Entropy Generated when a Hot Block Is Dropped in a Lake A 50-kg block of iron casting at 500 K is t ...

386 | Thermodynamics (c) The entropy generated during this process can be determined by applying an entropy balance on an extend ...

Chapter 7 | 387 Under the stated assumptions and observations, the mass and energy balances for this steady-flow system can be e ...

388 | Thermodynamics Substituting, the rate of entropy generation is determined to be Discussion Note that entropy is generated ...

Entropy Generation Associated with a Heat Transfer Process In Example 7–21 it is determined that 0.4 kJ/K of entropy is generate ...

at 100°C while the outer surface is at 25°C since two bodies in physical con- tact must have the same temperature at the point o ...

Compressed air at gage pressures of 550 to 1000 kPa (80 to 150 psig) is commonly used in industrial facilities to perform a wide ...

The hissing of air leakscan sometimes be heard even in high-noise manu- facturing facilities. Pressure dropsat end-use points in ...

There are many ways of detecting air leaks in a compressed-air system. Perhaps the simplest way of detecting a large air leak is ...

394 | Thermodynamics Air inlet 101 kPa 700 kPa 24 °C Air leak D ≈ 3 mm Air Motor Compressor 20 °C FIGURE 7–75 Schematic for Exam ...