Microsoft Word - Cengel and Boles TOC _2-03-05_.doc

where T 0 is the constant temperature of the system and Qis the heat transfer for the internally reversible process. Equation 7– ...

The second integral in the previous relation is recognized as the entropy change S 1 S 2. Therefore, which can be rearranged as ...

Entropy is an extensive property, and thus the total entropy of a system is equal to the sum of the entropies of the parts of th ...

2.Entropy is a nonconserved property, and there is nosuch thing as the conservation of entropy principle. Entropy is conserved d ...

7–3 ■ ENTROPY CHANGE OF PURE SUBSTANCES Entropy is a property, and thus the value of entropy of a system is fixed once the state ...

The value of entropy at a specified state is determined just like any other property. In the compressed liquid and superheated v ...

Chapter 7 | 341 EXAMPLE 7–3 Entropy Change of a Substance in a Tank A rigid tank contains 5 kg of refrigerant-134a initially at ...

342 | Thermodynamics EXAMPLE 7–4 Entropy Change during a Constant-Pressure Process A piston–cylinder device initially contains 3 ...

7–4 ■ ISENTROPIC PROCESSES We mentioned earlier that the entropy of a fixed mass can be changed by (1) heat transfer and (2) irr ...

7–5 ■ PROPERTY DIAGRAMS INVOLVING ENTROPY Property diagrams serve as great visual aids in the thermodynamic analysis of processe ...

the area under the process curve on a P-Vdiagram. Note that the area under the process curve represents heat transfer for proces ...

7–6 ■ WHAT IS ENTROPY? It is clear from the previous discussion that entropy is a useful property and serves as a valuable tool ...

states of that system, called thermodynamic probability p, by the Boltz- mann relation,expressed as (7–20) where k1.3806 10 ^ ...

is converted to the internal energy of the gas, as evidenced by a rise in gas temperature, creating a higher level of molecular ...

organized or low-entropy learning. These people make a conscientious effort to file the new information properly by relating it ...

is highly irreversible since this generates entropy, and it can cause consider- able damage. A person who gets up in anger is bo ...

Explicit relations for differential changes in entropy are obtained by solv- ing for dsin Eqs. 7–23 and 7–24: (7–25) and (7–26) ...

352 | Thermodynamics EXAMPLE 7–7 Effect of Density of a Liquid on Entropy Liquid methane is commonly used in various cryogenic a ...

Chapter 7 | 353 Therefore, the error involved in approximating liquid methane as an incom- pressible substance is Discussion Thi ...

7–9 ■ THE ENTROPY CHANGE OF IDEAL GASES An expression for the entropy change of an ideal gas can be obtained from Eq. 7–25 or 7– ...