Hydraulic Structures: Fourth Edition

supplemented by tilt data from pendula installed in internal shafts, and from inverted floating pendula anchored at depth within ...

clay seal is critical. The type is readily installed in existing dams and is suit- able where the phreatic surface is sensibly s ...

The electrical piezometer and the pneumatic piezometer offer rapid response to change in phreatic level, but may prove to be rel ...

INSTRUMENTATION 299 audible signal as probe passes magnet stations rigid PVC access tube, 25 mm I.D. c. 3.0 m Installation in fi ...

(d) Internal stress The direct determination of stress level in a continuum such as rock, con- crete, or soil presents the most ...

tion. In circumstances where the situation is not deemed critical, and time permits a systematically planned investigation, piez ...

stage to data-handling procedures (Sections 7.2.6 and 7.3). It is advisable to consider instrumentation programmes in terms of t ...

existing at time of installation, possibly many years after completion of the dam. This renders interpretation of the significan ...

clearly identified. Within the operating plan the frequency of monitoring should be determined on a rational basis, reflecting t ...

The primary objective of a surveillance programme is to minimize the possibility of catastrophic failure of the dam by the timel ...

deformation. The inspecting engineer must be alert to change, whether favourable or unfavourable, between successive visits. The ...

above natural ground level and/or a minimum height of dam. Legislation must also adequately prescribe responsibility for enforce ...

7.4.3 UK legislation: the Reservoirs Act (1975) UK legislation was first introduced in 1930, following two small but catas- trop ...

The owner is required to maintain certain fundamental records, e.g. water levels, spillway flows, leakages, etc. The Panel Engi ...

loss (or cost) as the two primary determinants. Hazard levels are readily compared or ranked in relation to either risk or loss ...

elements and failure modes associated with the type of dam. This is achieved through special ‘Location, Cause, Indicator’ (LCI) ...

consideration of the predicted dam failure hydrograph embracing a sequence of impact assessments embracing likely loss of life a ...

and Gillette (1993). Dam breaching and the hydraulics of dam-break floodwaves are discussed in some depth in Vischer and Hager ( ...

for high-profile reservoirs in a number of countries. Examples of inunda- tion mapping experience in the UK, where circumstances ...

necessarily comprehensive and quite detailed, but it must retain an essen- tial element of flexibility. All stages of the respon ...