Encyclopedia of Psychology and Law

when the target is present; correct rejection rates are sig- nificantly higher in showups when the target is absent; false ident ...

members are shown only once, discouraging compar- isons between lineup members because individual lineup members cannot be viewe ...

source. As briefly summarized at the end of this entry, such SM failures are thought to play central roles in a variety of false ...

individuals to believe that they remember witnessing things that they really only read or heard about. These ideas are also rele ...

have yielded moderate levels of internal consistency and item homogeneity. Interrater reliability has been found to be high for ...

imminent sexual re-offense. These instruments should be used to inform correctional managers as to how much risk they are managi ...

and useful sex offender risk assessments. Results of this nature, even taking into account the need for replica- tion and cross- ...

Use of this system may permit predictions regarding the likely course of stalking and may lead to sugges- tions for treatment. H ...

Some vignette research into community perceptions has found that strangers are more likely to be perceived as stalkers, whereas ...

Tjaden, P., & Thoennes, N. (1998). Stalking in America: Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey.Washington, ...

demonstration of the power of situations—especially extreme institutional settings such as prisons—to shape and control the beha ...

Case-File Analysis The SVA procedure starts with the analysis of the case file. A case file should include information about the ...

the child’s alleged experiences. For example, sexual offenses are emotionally disturbing and likely to upset victims. One could, ...

procedure. It is, therefore, not surprising that if two experts disagree about the truthfulness of a statement in a German crimi ...

Centre (n=191) is a maximum security provincial cor- rectional facility located in Ontario, Canada. The Oak Ridge Division of th ...

Further Readings Hanson, R. K., & Thornton, D. (2000). STATIC–99: Improving risk assessments for sex offenders: A comparison ...

Bayes’s theorem) runs the risk of backlash; the defense attorney’s fallacy combined with expert Bayesian instruction may increas ...

evidence would match the defendant if he or she is guilty, divided by the probability that the new evidence would match an innoc ...

A second question might be, “Why do attorneys use it?” Again, based more on trial advocacy books and interviews than actual rese ...

the attorney does not. Here, the reasoning goes like this: What I just heard surprises me because it appears to hurt the attorne ...