Conservation Science

166 Chapter 7 2.4 Degradation of Objects Indoors In a solution, the reaction products are constantly diffusing away from the gla ...

Glass and Ceramics 167 Figure 5Medieval stained glass window from Erfurt (Germany) with a dense crust of weathering products, a ...

168 Chapter 7 2.6 Degradation of Archaeological Glasses In general, Roman glass (sodium rich) is quite stable. The only sign of ...

Glass and Ceramics 169 and exhibits a laminated structure, due to precipitation processes. The fluctu- ations in chemical compos ...

170 Chapter 7 2.7 Conservation Materials: Coatings, Consolidants, Adhesives The most effective preservation method for corrosion ...

Glass and Ceramics 171 polymer into the pores and cracks. The application of the polymer in solution with a brush or a pipette i ...

172 Chapter 7 adhering crusts may require a treatment with glass-fibre brushes, scalpels or air-abrasive techniques, bearing a h ...

is the most important concern for preventive conservation of sensitive glass objects. For freshly-prepared glasses or glasses wi ...

174 Chapter 7 damage for certain sensitive glasses, such as medieval glass types or water- logged glasses. In order to avoid iri ...

Glass and Ceramics 175 from 2 mm down to 2m. Clay minerals exhibit a very large surface area per unit weight, which explains th ...

176 Chapter 7 3.3 Firing Process The firing process is the key step in the manufacturing process: the porosity of the material i ...

Glass and Ceramics 177 this process depends not only on the crystal structure of the mineral but also on the grain size. Various ...

178 Chapter 7 40 SiO 2 , 1 K 2 O, 3 Al 2 O 3 , 1 Fe 2 O 3 , 3 CaO and 2 CuO (two others). Thus, the main components and even the ...

Glass and Ceramics 179 types, considering the evolution of form and decoration, a sequence in time and local stratigraphy of sit ...

180 Chapter 7 (e.g. Fe and Sc). As an example, the most famous Roman clayware, charac- terised by a dark red glossy surface, cal ...

Glass and Ceramics 181 salts in the pores (Figure 16). More severe changes are to be expected with seawater, being an even more ...

182 Chapter 7 Fracture occurs at the weakest joint of an object, which connects this type of damage with the production process. ...

Glass and Ceramics 183 Since human intervention has a high damage potential for ceramics, handling and packaging of ceramics des ...

184 Chapter 7 4 Conclusions Glass and ceramics cannot be described with a simple stoichiometric formula, although both consist m ...

CHAPTER 8 Plastics YVONNE SHASHOUA Department of Conservation, National Museum of Denmark, PO Box 260 Brede, DK-2800 Kongens Lyn ...