Audio Engineering

382 Chapter 13 basic parameters such as cross talk and distortion are so strongly layout dependent. At the very least the PCB de ...

Noise and Grounding 383 The PCB layout is only one component of this, as cross talk must be both emitted and received. In genera ...

384 Chapter 13 13.1.3.1 Advantages ● The amplifi er PCB can be constructed so as to form a complete operational unit that can be ...

Noise and Grounding 385 be physically large, determining the PCB size, and in typical circuitry there are a large number of disc ...

386 Chapter 13 especially severe at PC-mount fuse holders. Wire links may also heat up and consideration should be given to two ...

Noise and Grounding 387 point on this track as the audio-ground starpoint, as it carries heavy charging pulses and will induce r ...

388 Chapter 13 be connected to this track, but it seems to be permissible to connect input bias resistors that pass only very sm ...

Noise and Grounding 389 ● Any wire links should be numbered to make it easier to check that they have all been fi tted. 13.1.7 A ...

390 Chapter 13 13.1.8 Miscellaneous Points ● On double-sided PCBs, copper areas should be solid on the component side for minimu ...

Noise and Grounding 391 ● Unwanted AC currents entering the amplifi er on the signal ground, due to external ground loops, must ...

392 Chapter 13 topology is very resistant to ground loops, even with an unbalanced input; the limitation on system performance i ...

Noise and Grounding 393 13.3 Ground Loops: How They Work and How to Deal with Them ............................ A ground loop is ...

394 Chapter 13 current is likely to fl ow through it, depending on the total resistance of this path. There will be a voltage dr ...

Noise and Grounding 395 fl ows through B–W in the same way as it does through the copper rod link D–E. This waterpipe current do ...

396 Chapter 13 13.3.3 Hum Injection by Transformer Stray Capacitance It seems at fi rst sight that the adoption of Class II (dou ...

Noise and Grounding 397 chassis connection, however, has no relevance to the basic effect, which would still occur even if the e ...

398 Chapter 13 C–F–G–D as before. Now, however, the internal design of unit 2 is such that the ground current fl owing through F ...

Noise and Grounding 399 It has been suggested that balanced mains has miraculous effects on sound quality, makes the sound stage ...

400 Chapter 13 I would not be certain about the whole of Europe, but to the best of my knowledge it is the same as the United Ki ...

Noise and Grounding 401 as it deprives you of your best weapon against mains noise coming in and circuit RF emissions getting ou ...